高考英语知识点总结（六篇）

【第1篇 2023高考英语知识点总结：动词时态和语态

2023高考英语知识点总结：动词时态和语态 动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重，一般占1—2道题。命题思路有三：一是直接给出标志性时间状语，考生能依据所给时间状语作出选择;二是给出时间状语，但所给时间状语有着较强的干扰性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择，需要结合语境判断;三是没有任何时间状语，需要借助于上下文语境，才能作出正确判断。 考生应熟知常用时态和被动语态的构成及用法。高考题往往不会涉及单一的时态语态，而是更多地侧重于时态的交叉使用和呼应及与语态的结合使用。所以解题时一定要结合语境，弄清时间的先后关系，可根据不同情况采取“找标法”(寻找时间标志词)、“呼应法”(主从句时态呼应)、“搭配法”(固定搭配)、“语境法”等解题技巧。 一?识别标志词 如果题干中有标志性的时间状语,则往往可以根据时间状语选择相应的时态? [例]①more than a dozen students in that school ________ abroad to study medicine last year. a. sent b. were sentc. had sentd. had been sent [解析] 此题有明显的时间标志词last year,提示我们应该使用一般过去时;句中的主语students是被送的对象,应该使用被动语态?答案为b? 动词的时态一般都有其相应的时间状语,请同学们熟记下列8种常用时态所对应的时间状语? (1)一般现在时:often, always, usually, seldom, now, every day等? (2)一般过去时:then, yesterday, last week, after that, ago, in the following/ne_t few months等? (3)现在进行时:now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days等? (4)过去进行时:then, at that time, at this time yesterday等? (5)现在完成时: recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in the past/last few months/years…, for+一段时间, since + 一点时间等? (6)过去完成时:before, by the end of last month/years…等? (8)过去将来时:the following month, the ne_t week等? [命题角度及对策]高考测试动词时态须与句中时间状语一致时,常在题干中加入具体情景,以测试考生对动词时态知识的实际运用能力?敏锐捕捉时间标志词,并结合具体的语境,选择出正确的动词时态,是解决此类问题的良策? 二?主从时态须呼应 如果所给题干是主从复合句,可根据主从句时态呼应的原则选出正确的时态? 命题角度及对策]近年来高考考查主从句的时态呼应时,常放在真实的并且符合实际的语境中进行考查?在根据时态呼应原则解题时,要把握好以下几点: (1)在时间?条件等状语从句中,用一般现在时表示一般将来时,一般过去时表示过去将来时,用现在完成时表示将来完成时? (2)正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的时间,并认真体会命题者所给出的语境? (3)解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时,考生应熟知以下规则:主句动词为现在时,则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态;主句动词为过去时,则从句动词须用恰当的过去的某种时态(表示客观真理时使用一般现在时)? 三?仔细体会语境 近年来高考试题对时态语态考查的要求越来越高,大部分试题趋向情境化?实际化?因此,仔细体会所给语境,根据具体语境选择合适的时态是考生需要重点解决的问题? 例：—do you think we should accept that offer? —yes，we should，for we______ such bad luck up till now，and time______ out. a. have had;is running b. had;is running c. have;has been run d. have had;has been run 答案解析 a。由时间标志词up till now知道，动作是从过去延续到现在，所以第一空要用现在完成时;而根据语境可知时间快要耗光了，所以第二空要用进行时表将来。 —can you tell me the timetable of the__________school bus? —well, the bus__________here for the __________campus at 7:00 a.m.. a.will leave b.left c.is leaving d.leaves 答案解析 d。考查时态，“校班车的时间表”是规定好的事情，表示一般性动作用一般现在时。 精选试题 模拟题及其答案 1. — what’s that terrible noise ? — the neighbors _____ for a party. a. have prepared b. are preparing c. prepare d. will prepare 2. now that she is out of a job, lucy _____ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. a. had considered b. has been considering 3. the mayor of beijing says that all construction work for the beijing olympics _____ by 2023. 4. selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ____ so rapidly. a. is changing b. has changed c. will have changed d. will change 5. i _____ ping –pong quite well, but i haven’t had time to play since the new year. a. played b. will play c. have played d. play 6. visitors ______ not to touch the e_hibits. a. will request b. request c. are requesting d. are requested 7. john and i _____ friends for eight years. we first got to know each other at a christmas party. but we _____ each other a couple of times before that. a. had been; have seen b. have been; have seen c. had been; had seen d. have been; had seen 8. this is ted’s photo. we miss him a lot. he ______ trying to save a child in the earthquake. a. killed b. is killed c. was killed d. was killing 9. — how are the team playing ? — they are playing well, but one of them _____ hurt. a. got b. gets c. are d. were 10. — you haven’t said a word about my new coua, brenda. do you like it ? — i’m sorry, i _____ anything about it sooner. i certainly think it’s pretty on you. a. wasn’t saying b. don’t say c. won’t say d. didn’t say 11. i wonder why jenny ____ us recently. we should have heard from her by now. a. hasn’t written b. doesn’t write c. won’t write d. hadn’t written 12. my uncle ______ until he was forty –five. a. married b. didn’t marry c. was not marrying d. would marry — i will go to see you when you _____ the training course. a. will have finished b. will finish c. are finishing d. finish 14. — how long _____ at this job ? — since 1990 a. were you cmployed b. have you been employed c. had you been employed d. will you be employed 15. with the rapid growth of population, the city _____ in all directions in the past five years. a. spreads b. has spread c. spread d. had spread a. has been broken b. breaks c. broke d. was broken a. has grown b. is growing c. grew d. had grown 18. why don’t you put the meat in the fridge ? it will _____ fresh for several days. a. be stayed b. stay c. be staying d. have stayed 19. — sorry, joe, i didn’t mean to — don’t call me “joe”. i’m mr parker to you, and _____ you forget it ! a. do b. didn’t c. did d. don’t 20. at this time tomorrow _____ over the atlantic. a. we’re going to fly b. we’ll be flying c. we’ll fly d. we’re to fly 21. the news came as no surprise to me. i _____ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. a. had known b. knew c. have known d. know 22. i thought jim would say something about his school report, but he ______ it. a. doesn’t mention b. hadn’t mentioned c. didn’t mention d. hasn’t mentioned 23. no one in the department but tom and i _____ that the director is going to resign. a. knows b. know c. have known d. am to know 24. although he has lived with us for years, he ______ us much impression. a. hadn’t left b. didn’t leave c. doesn’t leave d. hasn’t left 25. how can you possibly miss the news ? it _____ on tv all day long. a. has been b. bad been c. was d. will be 26. — sorry to have interrupted you. please go on. — where was i ? — you _____ you didn’t like your father’s job. a. had said b. said c. were saying d. had been saying 27. i arrived late; i _____ the road to be so iey. a. wouldn’t e_pect b. haven’t e_pected c. hadn’t e_pected d. wasn’t e_pecting 28. i ______ while reading the english te_tbook. luckily, my roommate woke me up in time ! a. had fallen asleep b. have fallen asleep c. fell asleep d. fall asleep 29. let’s keep to the point or we ______ any decisions. a. will never reach b. have never reached c. never reach d. never reached 30. my mind wasn’t on what he was saying, so i’m afraid i _____ half of it. a. was missing b. had missed c. will miss d. missed 答案与解析 1、b 根据题意先排除d 项，因为回答方要说明书现在的情况;a项have prepare说明已经准备好，c项prepare是目前的习惯性动作，b项瑞在进行时表示动作的示完性。因此b 项为答案。 2、b 句意：因为lucy失业了，所以她在考虑重返校园，但她现在还没决定。根据题意说话者在说现在的情况，因此排除了a、c、d三项，b飞行员现在完成进行时，表示现在的事，进行时强调“考虑”这个动作的“未完性”，所以是答案。 3、c 句意：北京市市长说所有北京奥林区克建筑将于2023年完成。此题考查英语动词的语态和时态，很显然本题应该用被动语态，因此排除b、d根据时间状语by2023，应选择将来完成时，因此选c。 4、a 题干中主句为selecting a mobile phone …is no easy task,谓语动词表示了一种“含此刻在内的广泛意义上的现在时间”，使用的是一般现在时态(…is no easy task);后面的状态从句(because…)中则说明原因为“技术更新变化迅速”，应采用现在进行时：(technology)is changing(so rapidly).现在进行时态在此表示了一种“持续变化”的状态，体现了“变化、趋势、发展和进展” 5、d 题干后的分句(but…)为转折语气，并在句中使用了现在完成时态(i haven’t had time to play),表示自从new year以来一直没有打过乒乓球，由此可以排除选项b(will play)、c(have played).由此推断前一人句中所说状态为“含此刻在内的广泛意义上的现在时间”，则空中应该使用一般现在时态表达这一时间概念。 6、d 句意为：参观者被要求不触摸展品。所以应该用被动形式。 7、d第一空为现在完成时，与一段时间状语连用(for eight years);第二空：在一次晚会上认识之前就见过，上是“过去的过去”的一个动作，帮选d。 8、c 从上下文可知，ted已经死了，属于过去发生的事情， 对于动词kill来讲，应是被动关系，故选c 9、a 由题中所设语境可知，一句队员受伤应是过去的动作，故选a。 10、d从对话题干所设语境看，此处谈论的是过去所没有发生的事(you haven’t said a word…)此对话中，brenda 为自己没能对朋友所穿新衣早加赞赏向对方表示歉意;sooner(=at an earlier time)作为附加状语传达了十分重要的时间信息。 此处仍应使用表示过去行为的简单过去时，与后面句子中的现在时态(i certainly think…)形成对照。其余选项所给时态…hasn’t written us recently。 11、a 前句中recently与事句中动词民用的语气为重要提示：we should have heard from her by now.=we haven,t heard from her by now此处讨论最近该发生而没发生的事，用现在完成时态：…hasn’t written us recently. 12、b marry是终止性动词，用在此not…until句型中表示“我叔叔直到四十五岁才结婚。” 13、d when从句中通常用一般现在时形式表将来时间。 14、b答语中的since1990是关键信息。 15、b 时间状语in the past five years与现在时间有关。 16、d图书馆的安静被打破，故须用被动语态;情景中找不出与现在有关的时间信息，故a是错误的。 17、c grow与as从句里的wait发生。 题干前半句为时间状语，提供了极为重要的时间线索：all morning as she waited…，表示了过去的一段延续时间，本空之中动词所表示的行为(her nervousness “grow”)与此同时进行。此处仍应使用一般过去时。 本题中与现在时间相关的两个选项(a. has grown b is growing)很容易排除;d项(had grown)过去完成时态，应用于表示过去特定时间之前的行为，与语境不符，也可排除。 18、b stay这晨是系动词的用法，不用被动形式。 根据本题设空之后所执着续的形容词fresh判断，选项所给动词stay为系动词(=to continue or remain in a place ,position or condition——collins new english dictionary), 因此，很容易排除a项(系动词不可能使用权用被动语态);从句意看，说话人向对方提出建议(why don’t you…?)，然后阐明依据(the meat will…)，应该是stay 的一般形式，而不会是进行式(c 项be staying)或完成式(d项have stayed)。 19、d注意mr parker 这里针对的是“sorry , joe”这件事，而不是“ i didn’t mean to…”那件事。而前者正是“此时此刻”发生的，故应用一般现在时。句意：你应称呼我帕克先生，你不是忘了吧!题干选材为大小对话形式，语境完整，前者向 joe道歉，后者(joe本人)拒不接受道歉，认为称呼自己为joe是：“套近乎”。提醒并警千对方，语气非常严厉。 20、b at this time tomorrow 指明的是将来的某一具体时间，故用来将进行时。 21、a 在the news came 之前我就已经知道，故用将来进行时。 22、c but连接的并列句，时态与thought一致。 23、a句子的主语是no one,谓语动词应当用单数。 24、d although从句中的has lived是非常重要的时间住处说话的人的意思是：虽然他与我们一起生活多年(从过去到现在)，但他没有给我们留下多少印象。所以，这里使用c项是不恰当的。 25、a根据can的形式(而不是could)可以判断，这里并不是谈论纯粹的过去或过去的过去，但显然也不是将来时间。 26、c 语境中暗含着一个时间信息：当我打断你说话的时候。 27、c arrive是关键信息：(我在出发之前)没有预料到路会这么滑。这里谈论的显然是过去(started)的过去(had e_pected). 28、c根据woke(wake 的过去式)可以判断，这里谈论的与“现在”无关，因此可以排除b和d两项。i是在读书期间睡着的(while reading),而不是在之前睡着的，所以a项也是不恰当的。 29、a 句意：请不要偏离话题，不然的话，我们就不会取胜得决定。祈使句与and 或or 连用是常见的说法，又如：turn left and you will find the bookstore.向左转，你就会找到那个书店里。listen to me or you will never succeed.听我的话，否则，你不会成功的。同时在谈到will do和be going to do 表示将来的区别时，will表意愿和既时的将来，而后者表示计划的或有迹象的将来。例如： give him the big apple or he oil not allow us to go with him. —i was going to ,but my wife returned. 30、d 句意：(当时)我并没有注意他说的话，所以(现在)我觉得他讲的话一半我没有听到。题干句中透圳出时间信息的三个地方：wasn’t ,was saying和i’m afraid是做出选择的重要依据。

【第2篇 2023高考英语知识点总结：数词与连词

2023高考英语知识点总结：数词与连词 数词一般与其它知识综合起来考察，比如倍数的表达方法，多个形容词的排列顺序等。近几年语境综合化程度越来越高。 连词按其性质,分为并列连词和从属连词,考点分布在单项选择?完形填空和短文改错中?《英语教学大纲》和《考试大纲》语法项目表中对连词的考查是这样描述的:掌握词汇表中所列连词的用法?即要求考生分析句子成分,把握语境和逻辑关系,恰当选择合适连词,使句意通顺,逻辑清楚?连接代词或连接副词用于名词性从句,统称连接词? 连词考点透析 考点一、?特殊并列连词while/when 例1. i had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _______ i heard the steps. (2023年高考湖南卷) a. while b. when c. since d. after 例2.i’d like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography. (2023年高考四川卷) a. thoughb. as c. while d. for [解析]b?c?作并列连词时,when/while用法较为特殊,二者区别是:while表两相对照;而when表突然?在那时,常见于be about to do...when和hardly...when等句型中? 考点二、表示原因的连词for/because/as/since 例3.he found it increasingly difficult to read, _____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.(2023年高考北京卷) a. and b. for c. but d. or 例4.jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at canada, ______ this was a memory she especially treasured. (2023年高考广东卷) a. as b. if c. when d. where 例5.parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ________ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.(2023年高考上海卷) a. because b. though c. unless d. if 例6._____ everybody knows about it, i don’t want to talk any more. a. for b. even c. since d. however [解析]b?a?a?c?引导原因连词,as/because/ since/ for的区别是:because语势,用来说明人所未知的原因,回答why提出的问题,可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语; since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因,语气次之;for是并列连词,前用逗号隔开,表逻辑推理或补充说明;as语气最弱,原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,即已知原因,所引导的分句可置于句首? 考点三、并列连词but/yet/though 例7. e_cuse me for breaking in, ______ i have some news for you. a. so b. and c. but d. yet 考点四、引导名词性从句的从属连词that/whether/if 例8.the traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2023 年高考上海卷) a. when b. why c. whether d. that 例9.we haven’t settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. ( 2023年高考江苏卷) a. if b. where c. whetherd. that [解析]d?c?引导名词性从句的从属连词that与whether的区别是:句子成分完整且表意确定时选用that连接,句意不确定时选用whether/if连接;借助it,将真正主语或宾语后置,构成“it…that”句型,但whether/if不可;下列情形用whether不用if:与or not 连用,中间无其他词隔开;作介词宾语;在主语从句?表语从句和同位语从句中?例: whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 考点五、表示比较的从属连词what/as 例10. engines are to machines ______ hearts are to animals. (2023年高考山东卷) a. as b. that c. what d. which 例11._____ i e_plained on the phone, your request will be considered at the ne_t meeting.(2023年高考浙江卷) a. whenb. after c. as d. since 例12.what a table! i’ve never seen such a thing before. it is ________ it is long.(2023年高考湖北卷) a. half not as wide as b. wide not as half as c. not half as wide as d. as wide as not half [解析]c?c?c?what用作从属连词,表比较,用于a is to b what c is to d结构中;而as表示原级比较,常用于as...as结构中,程度修饰语应置于第一个as之前,嵌入的形容词或副词使用原级?另外as还表“正如?按照”,引导方式连词? 考点六、表示条件的从属连词if /unless/as long as/once 例13. ________ i know the money is safe, i shall not worry about it. a. even thoughb. unlessc. as long asd. while 例14.small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not managed carefully.(2023年高考上海卷) a. though b. before c. until d. if 例15.you will be successful in the interview ____ you have confidence. (2023年高考福建卷) a. before b. once c. until d. though 例16.i won’t call you, _____ something une_pected happens.(2023年考全国卷) a. unlessb. whether c. becaused. while [解析]c?d?b?a?表条件的连词if/unless/as long as/unless在用法上存在一些差异?as long as用法同only if/on condition that,强调某事的发生以另一事件的发生为前提;if为正面条件,可能会产生好的或坏的结果,若某种条件产生坏的结果,此时的if可用as long as替换; unless为反面条件,表示除非,如果不,故在真实条件句中常和if…not换用;once既表时间,又包含条件,译作一旦? 考点七、表示让步的从属连词although/when/while 例17. we had to wait half an hour _______ we had already booked a table. (2023年高考辽宁卷) a. sinceb. although c. until d. before 例18.______i really don’t like art, i find his work impressive. (2023年高考山东卷) a. as b. since c. if d. while 解析b?d?although/when/while均可表示让步,后两者的用法较为特殊?although/though引导让步连词时不与but和yet连用;而while却表示“部分接受,但并非全部”,或用于“强调两种情况?活动等之间的差距”;when也可表示虽然,尽管,同even if,常置于句末? 精选试题 模拟题及其答案 1.china won 100 medals in the beijing olympic games，which are almost those of the sydney olypic games. a. twice as many as b.as many as twice c.as much as twice d twice as much as 2. hawking became world-famous in 。 a his thirties in the 1970’s b.the thirties in his 1970 c.his thirties in 1970s d.the thirties during the 1970 3.we’d better hurry up. of the time used up. a two-thirds：are b two-thirds;has been c.two-third：is d.two-thirds;have been 4.一what cani dofor you? 一i’d like to take these tomatoes. a two dozen of b two dozen c.two dozens d two dozens of 5.一how long will you stay here? 一for . a a day or two b.one day and two c one or two day d one and two day 6.i bought a big fridge，which ccupied about of the space in my kichen. a two five b two-fifth c.second fifth dtwo-fifth 7. the weight of a male lion can reach 240kg, an adult man，while a lioness call reach up to 180kg a the three times weght of b.three times the weisht of c.as three times heavy as d.three times as heavier as 8. he said he wasn’t hungry at all，he ate a big breakfast. a. unless b.because c.though d.if 9. the olympic games cost us a lot，it bridged the distance between people and developed friendship. a.what b.while c if d.as 10. the interview in boston lasted so long，i missed my connecting flight to new york. a due to b.so long as c as d.despite 11.our government took measures in time to protect children who had taken sanlu baby milk powder it was too late. a now that b as long as c unless d before 12 as long as i call remember, i called，his wife would answer the phone. a however b whenever c whatever d.whichever 13. countless people in developing countries no longer suffer from malnutrition. ，poverty remains a problem worldwide. a while b nevertheless c.besides d in addition 14.i’m sorry you’ve been waiting for us so long，but it’s still be some time the meeting starts. a before b since c till d after 15.一would you like to go to see the film—the knot with me? 一sorry. i have seen it. a though b.unless c.when d but 16. children’s brains can’t develop properly they lack protein a when b since c because d unless 17. the two are only days apart in age，they seem to belong to wholly different generatioas. a while b if c as d.since 18.—they don’t have much in their house yet. 一 they’planning to live here only until bob gets his degree，they don’t want to buy much furniture. a.since b while c although d aslong as a.if b.until c after d when 20.all people, they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster a even if b whether c no matter d however 21. “shall we stop for lunch _____ shall we drive on?” “let’s stop for lunch, but the driver can’t drink _____ drive.” a. and, and b. or, or c. and, or d. or,and 22. “_____ when does the pub stay open?” “about midnight.” a. since...b. before c. until...d. after 23. “would you like tea _____ coffee?” “_____, thanks.” a. or, no b. and, either c. or, neither d. and, each 24. he imagines that people don’t like him, _____ they do. a. and b. then c. so d. but 25. i firmly believe _____ he said at the meeting was right. a. that b. which c. that what d. what that a. and b. or c. so d. then 27 i’d like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography. a. though b. as c. while d. for 28(2023年高考北京卷).he found it increasingly difficult to read, _____ his eyesight was beginning to fail. a. and b. for c. but d. or 29e_cuse me for breaking in, ______ i have some news for you. a. so b. and c. but d. yet 30. the traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. a. when b. why c. whether d. that 答案与解析 1 a。解析考查倍数表达法。此处符合a+谓语动词+倍数十as+adj/adv(原级)+as+b结构。 2 a。解析考查数次的用法。in one’s thirties意为在某人三十多岁时，in/during the 1970o’s意为在20世纪70年代。 3 b。解析考查分数的用法及主谓一致。分子大于二时分母的序数词要加s。two-thirds of time作主语，谓语动词用单数，故答案选b。 4 a。解析dozen，score前面有基数词时，dozen和score不能用复数形式，后面通常也不能接of。但当名词前有the，those，these修饰时，则后面必须加上of，表示……中的……。故答案选a。 5 a。解析a day or two是习惯说法，意思是一两天，也可以a day or two days。 6 d。解析考查分数的构成。分子大于二时分母的序数词要加s。 7 b。解析考查倍数的表达方法。此处应运用倍数+the+名词+of结构。 8 c。解析此处thought引导让步状语从句。句意：尽管他说不饿，但早餐他吃了很多。 9 b。解析考查连词while的用法。根据语境可看出此处需要填人一个表示让步意义的词，whtle在此为从属连词，意为尽管。 10c。解析考查连词as的用法。从题意看，前半句应该是原因，后面是结果。due to由于，表原因，是介词短语，不能跟句子;so long as只要，引导让步状语从，.despite尽管是介词，不能跟句子;as意思是由于。故答案选c。 11 d。解析考查连词before的用法。句意：在事态严重之前，我国政府及时采取措施来保护那些喝了三鹿婴幼儿奶粉的孩子们。 12 b。解析whenever此处是无论何时的意思，相当于no matter when。 13 b。解析结合语境可知，b是正确答案。nevertheless然而，不过。 14.a。解析考查连词的用法。it’11 still be some time before……是一个句型，表示在……之前有一段时间了。 15 d。解析考查连词的用法。句意：一你和我一起去看电影《云水谣》好吗?一对不起，我已经看过丁。根据题意可知，答案应该选d。 16 a。解析本题中when引导的是一个条件状语从句，相当于if。句意：如果孩子缺少蛋白质，他们的大脑就会发育不良}， 17 a。解析考查连词while的用法。句意：尽管这两个人的年龄只有几天之差，但是看起来完全不像是一代人。 18 d。解析考查连词since的用法。根据题意可知，此处表原因，故答案选d。 19 b。解析untill直到…为止。句意：爱只是一个字，直到某人出现并给予它真正的内涵。 20 b。解析考查固定措配whether……or……的用法，句意：自从那次灾难以后，所有的人，不论老人还是年轻人、富人还是穷人，都在努力帮助那些需要帮助的人。 21.解析选d，第一空填 or，表选择;第二空填 and，can’t drink and drive 指不能同时既喝酒又开车，即不能酒后开车。 22.解析选c，句意为“这家酒店开门到什么?(或这家酒店什么时候关门?)” 23. 解析选c，选项a用no来回答选择疑问句，不妥;选项b用 and 连接 tea 与 coffee，说明问句并非提供选择，而答语却用了 either 这样表选择性的词语，也不妥;选项d与语境不符。 24. 解析 选d，前后意思转折，故选 but.注：but they do = but they like him. 25解析选c，that 为引导宾语从句的连词，在 that what he said at the meeting was right 这一宾语从句中，又包含有what he said at the meeting 这一主语从句，而在该主语从句中，what用作动词 said 的宾语。 26解析选b，or 表选择。 27 [解析] c?作并列连词时,when/while用法较为特殊,二者区别是:while表两相对照;而when表突然?在那时,常见于be about to do...when和hardly...when等句型中? 28 [解析]b引导原因连词,as/because/ since/ for的区别是:because语势,用来说明人所未知的原因,回答why提出的问题,可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语; since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因,语气次之;for是并列连词,前用逗号隔开,表逻辑推理或补充说明;as语气最弱,原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,即已知原因,所引导的分句可置于句首? 30. [解析]d引导名词性从句的从属连词that与whether的区别是:句子成分完整且表意确定时选用that连接,句意不确定时选用whether/if连接;借助it,将真正主语或宾语后置,构成“it…that”句型,但whether/if不可;下列情形用whether不用if:与or not 连用,中间无其他词隔开;作介词宾语;在主语从句?表语从句和同位语从句中?

【第3篇 2023高考英语知识点总结：主谓一致

主谓一致是历年高考试题中的测试重点之一。一般与其它知识综合起来考察。近几年语境综合化程度越来越高。分数、百分数、不定式、动名词、定语从句等场合下的主谓一致问题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称与数的一致关系。有些句子不易直接看出主语的单复数，需仔细推敲。处理主谓一致要注意语法一致，意义上一致和就近一致。 高考重点要求： 1. 根据主谓一致的三个原则(语法一致,意义一致，就近一致), 判断和确定句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致 2. 掌握固定词组作主语,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致 考生在掌握主谓一致的基本原则的同时，也要特别注意语法一致的原则，而且分数、百分数、不定式、动名词、定语从句等场合下的主谓一致问题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。 复习时需注意的要点 1、 集体名词看作整体时，谓语动词用单数，看作各个成员时，谓语用复数。 例如：his family isn’t large. his family are all fond of music. 2、 些名词如news, maths, physics等虽然有词尾“s”但意义上是单数，谓语动词要用单数。 例如：the news is wonderful. physics is an interesting subject. 3、 由数词+表示重量、里程、时间、金钱等名词所构成的复数名词主语，是当作一个整体看待的，后面用单数动词。 例如：five minutes is too short. ten dollars is enough. 4、 主语后面跟有介词with或together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词一般与前面的主语的人称和数一致。 例如：the teacher together with ten students is doing an e_periment in the lab. 5、 主语前有every或each修饰时，无论有几个主语，谓语动词用单数。 例如：every teacher and every student in our school has been to the century park. 精选试题 模拟题及其答案 1、he is the only one of the students who _______a winner of scholarship for three years. a. is b. are c. have been d. has been 2、professor smith, along with his assistants, ____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. a. work b. working c. is working d. are working 3、not only ______interested in football but ______beginning to show an interest in it. a. the teacher himself is … all his students are b. the teacher himself is …are all his students c. is the teacher himself …are all his students d. is the teacher himself …all his students are 4、----“each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _____ to go to university.” ----“so do i.” a. hope b. hopes c. hoping d. hoped a. is playing b. have played c. are playing d. hoped 6、books of this kind ______ well. a. sell b. sells c. are sold d. is sold 7、every possible means ______ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. a. is used b. are used c. has been used d. have been used 8、when and where to go for the on-salary holiday ______ yet. a. are not decided b. have not been decided c. is not being decided d. has not been decided 9、the number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them _____ absent for different reasons. a. were, was b. was, was c. was, were d. were, were 10、______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass. a. two fifth…is b. two fifth…are c. two fifths…is d. two fifths…are 11. nowadays，a large number of women，especially those who conicfromthe countryside， inthe clothing industry'. a .is working b.works c.work d worked 12._ of the land in that district covered withtrees and grass. a.two-fifth;is b.two-fifth;are c two-fifths;is d two-fifths;are 13.about 90 percent of the equipment presented by the administration，as well as the facilities of our own， made good use of in teaching. a.have b.has c.have been d.has been a was;were b were;was c.were;were d.w;was 15.a large of money is spent on the hope project and a good inany schools setp. a amount：has been b amount：have been c.number;has been d deal;have been 16.large quantities ofinformafion，as well as methnely help， since the organization was built. a has offered b.had been omred c.have been offered d.is offered 17. your brother or you to blame for the broken tv set? a.be b.are c is d were 18. changed，and whatever men can do，woltllen call do，too a age had b ages have c.times have d time has 19.to play table tennis and to go swimming good for character training a is b.are c was d were 20.she is the only one of the students who a winner of the match. a.1s b are c.have been d.had been 21. more than one high official by the police since the mayor war shot dead. a.has been questioned b. have been questioned c. was questioned d.were questioned 22.half of the food in the bag bad.you’d better throw it away. a. has b.have c .are d. ls 23.what we want good te_tbooks. a .have b.has c. is d .are 24.he no less than i eager goto the great wall. a. am b. is c.are d.were 25.the construction of the two new railway lines by now. 26.the famous writer as well as his wife and daughter said to our party，but so far they . a .are;have attended;don’t turn up b.is;have attended;haven’t turnedp c.is;attend;haven’t turned up d. are;attend;don’t turn up 27.today chinese by more and more people around the world a.was spoken b. speak c.spoke d. is spoken 28. what you said quite to the point but what we need e_perienced technical workers. a. is;ale b. is;is c.are;are d.are;is a. have played b.are playing c. is playing d.has been played 30.一cydia，what did you hear our teacher said just now? 一every boy and every girl as well as the teacher who to lead the group asked to be at the school gate before 6：30 in the morning a.is;is b. are;ate c.are;is d. is;are 答案与解析 1、解析答案为d。 这是一个定语从句。在one前是否有定冠词决定定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式：one of the students中的先行词是the students，定语从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式。the only one of the students中的先行词是the only one，定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。又因“for three years”是完成时的标志。 2、解析答案：cprofessor smith决定谓语动词的数;his assistants和谓语动词的数无关。 3、解析答案为d not only …but (also )连结两个句子，用部分倒装。 4、解析 答案为b。“each of +名词复数”谓语用单数。 5、解析 本题考察主谓一致，当主语后面跟有as well as短语时，其后的谓语动词不受as well as之后的名词影响，仍然和主语在人称和数上保持一致。 6、解析答案为a。 “kind(s) of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数依kind 单复数而定;“复数名词 + of this/that kind ”作主语时，谓语动词的数依of 前面的名词而定。本题中sell 用作不及物动词表示“销售”。 7、解析答案为c。 mean单数复数一个形式。在本题中代表单数。 8、解析答案为d。 不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数。 9、解析答案为c。“the number of” 表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数;“a number of”表示“许多”，谓语用复数。 10、解析 答案为c。考察数词和主谓一致。分数词在句中作主语时，谓语动词必须跟分数词所修饰的名词保持数的一致。 11c。解析句子的主语是a large number of women，谓语动词应用复数形式。其中speciallythose who conicfromthe countryside是插入成分，作womell的同位语。因此正确答案是c。 12.c。解析第一空考查分数的构成，当分子大于l时，分母应用复数形式。又因主语two-fifths the land中land是不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。所以答案选c。 13 d。解析本句的主语是about 90 percent of the equipment，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。又因为谓语动词和主语之间是动宾关系，所要用被动语态。 14 a。解析the nunther of +可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式;a nunther of可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，所吼答案选a。 15.b。解析money是不可数名词，应用a large amount of修饰;谓语动词用复数形式。 16 c。解析解答本韪时应注意as well as连接两个名词词组作主语时主谓一致的问题。large quantities of十名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式;再结合语境可知，此处应该用现在完成时。 17.c。解析考查主谓一致的就近原则。因为离谓语动词最近的是your brother，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。 18.c。解析time在本句中意为时代，是可数名词，通常用复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式。 19.b。解析此处两个动词不定式短语作主语，表示的不是同一个概念，谓语动词要用复数形式，且句中没有明显的表示过去的时间状语，故要用一般现在时。 20.a解析句中关系代词who指代的是only one of，所以从句的谓语动词应用单数形式。 2l a。解析考查主谓一致和时态。more than one+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，又由since引导的从句的时态可知主句时态应为现在完成时。故答案选a。 22 d。解析分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是half of the food，谓语动词应用单数形式，且bad为形容词，故答案选d。 23 d。解析当what引导的从句作主语时，谓语的单复数形式由句子意思来确定。te_tbooks为复数形式，故句子的谓语动词也应为复数形式。 24 b。解析本句的主语是he，句子的谓语动词要用单数形式，所以答案选b。 25 a。解析句子的主语是the construction，谓语动词应该用单数形式，且由句意可知，此处应用被动语态，故答案选a。 26c。解析as well as连接两个名词词组作主语时，谓语动词的数要与as weⅱas前的名词保持一致，所以第一空谓语动词用单数形式;第二空应该用动词原形，不定式表示将来的动作;第三空由so far可知应用现在完成时，所以答案选c。 27 d解析主语是chinese汉语，所以句子的谓语动词用单数形式。speak和chinese之间是动宾关系，此处应用被动语态。且由today可知，此处应用—般现在时。故答案选d。 28 a。解析由what引导的名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果其表示复数意义，谓语动词要用复数形式。故答案选a。 29 c。解析as well as连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词的数和as well as前面的名词保持一致。d项是被动语态，不正确，所答案选c。 30c。解析every boy and every girl作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以第二空应该用is;who引导的是一个定语从句，修饰前面的先行词teacher，所以第一空应该用are。故答案选c。

【第4篇 2023高考英语知识点总结：非谓语动词

非谓语动词包括不定式、动词ing和过去分词等几种形式，这是历年高考必考内容，每年都会有1-2题涉及该部分要点。考点集中在：非谓语动词作定语的区别;动名词和不定式作宾语的用法比较;现在分词和过去分词的用法比较;特定句型中非谓语动词的用法等。 高考考点透视 1.非谓语动词的构成和语法功能及用法对比。 2.非谓语动词的完成式、被动式的用法和特点。 3.非谓语动词的复合结构及否定形式。 4.不定式与动名词，动名词与现在分词，现在分词与过去分词，分词作状语与独立结构等用法对比。 5.不定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区别是考查的热点。 6.过去分词作定语，不定式和分词作宾语补足语的用法。 7.不定式标志to和介词to的用法判断等。 8.带to与不带to的不定式的用法及区别。 考点一、考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别 英语句子至少应该包括主语与谓语两部分, 而多数情况下谓语都由动词来充当。如果对句子成分划分不清，把谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆, 做题效果可想而知。要克服这一毛病，关键在于正确判断、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语。如： 1. the children (play) _____ the violin over there will go on the stage ne_t week. 根据句子结构，我们可以看出这是一个简单句。主语是the children，谓语部分是will go on the stage，动词play显然在句中不作谓语，应用非谓语动词形式。依据play与它的逻辑主语children之间的主动关系以及拉小提琴动作正在进行，可以判断用现在分词作定语修饰children，意为“正在那边拉小提琴的小孩”，因而正确答案为playing。 考点二、考查作状语的非谓语动词的辨析 作状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的辨析，即是选择动词不定式、现在分词还是过去分词作状语, 不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同。 动词不定式主要作目的、结果和原因状语;现在分词和过去分词主要作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随状语，两者不同之处在于：现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,即它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系，而过去分词作状语时，虽然它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语，但过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。请看下面例题： 1.____tired of tom’s all-talk-no-action attitude, julia decided to do the job all by herself. a) to get b) to have got c) getting d) have got 一般来说，在句子中没有连接词的情况下, 逗号是无力连接两个句子的。据此，首先可以确定 这是一个简单句，非谓语动词短语放在句首作状语。依据非谓语动词短语get tired of与其逻辑主语julia之间的主动关系，以及谓语动词与非谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，没有明显的先后顺序，可以断定应用现在分词一般式作原因状语,即“由于厌倦了tom只说不做的工作态度”，故正确答案为c。 考点三、考查非谓语动词逻辑主语的分辨 非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但仍然有自己逻辑上的主语。历年各种考试的重点在于正确分辨非谓语动词的逻辑主语是什么，两者之间是主动关系还是被动关系，特别是非谓语动词作状语的时候。我们知道，当非谓语动词放在句首作状语的时候，一般来说，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，那么，当它的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，又会出现什么现象呢?请看下面例题： 1. the last bus (go)____, we had to walk home. 2. weather (permit)____, the spaceship will be launched tomorrow evening. 这两个非谓语动词短语的逻辑主语都不是句子的主语，而是分别有它自己的逻辑主语，即“是 末班车开走了，而不是我们走了”,“是天气允许,而不是飞船允许”，这种现象或结构就是独立主格结构。依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动关系,正确答案分别为having gone和permitting。 请再看下面例题： 3. the work (finish) _____, they may go home. 4. the problem (discuss) _____ at the meeting- room now, the workers had to wait outdoors. 同样，这两道题的结构也是独立主格结构。依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的被动关系以及非谓语动词所表示动作发生的时间性，可以判断正确答案分别为finished(已完成)和being discussed(正在进行)。 考点四、考查非谓语动词时态与语态的把握 非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但它仍然具有动词的特征，即可以有自己的主语(逻辑主语),也可以有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词的各种时态形式都是依据句子的谓语动词的时态形式而变化的。一般情况下，如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作同时或之后发生, 就用非谓语动词的一般式或进行式(侧重强调动作正在进行);如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，就用非谓语动词的完成式(特别强调动作发生的先后)。非谓语动词的语态在于正确把握非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。例如： ____ that bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him. a) heard b) having heard c) hear d) to hear 依据非谓语动词hear与其逻辑主语his friends之间的主动关系，以及前后句的逻辑关系，可以断定用现在分词形式来作时间状语，再根据现在分词的动作“听说”发生在主要谓语动词“来”之前，由此判断应该用现在分词的完成式(只用作状语时使用)，意为“听说bob已得到提升，他的朋友都来向他表示祝贺”，故正确答案为b。 考点五、考查非谓语动词作主语时句式的转变 非谓语动词(动词不定式或动名词)作主语主要考查其句式的转变，习惯上通常把it作为形式主语放在句首，作题时要善于分辨这种形式上的转变。请看下面例题： 1. it is an honour for me (be) _____ your english teacher. 2. it is no use of us (wait) _____ at home like this. 根据对句式的分析，可以判断出it是形式主语,真正的主语由非谓语动词(动词不定式或动名词)来充当。依据表语的特性以及句式的特点,我们可以断定第1题应该填动词不定式，即to be，第2题应该填动名词，即waiting。 六、考查作定语的非谓语动词的判断 非谓语动词作定语主要考查非谓语动词作后置定语的情况，这里关键要把握住非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动行为还是被动行为,以及非谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间性，即是正在进行或已经完成还是将要发生。一般来说，用现在分词一般式作定语往往表示动作是主动行为且正在进行当中，如果动作是被动行为且正在进行当中，就用现在分词一般式的被动语态;用过去分词作定语往往表示动作是被动行为且已经完成; 用动词不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作，如果是被动行为，就用动词不定式一般式的被动语态。 例如： 1. the boy (cry)____ over there is my younger brother. 依据cry与它的逻辑主语the boy之间的主动关系和cry的动作正在进行，所以用现在分词作定语修饰boy，因而正确答案为crying。 精选试题 模拟题及其答案 1. everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______a good college. a. enter。mb. to enter c. entering。md. entered 2he ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus. a. to hope。mb. hope c. hoping。md. hoped 3.he spent every minute he could _____ spoken english. a. practise。mb. to practise c. practising。md. practised 4.before going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral english. a. improve。mb. to improve c. improvingd. to improving 5. he knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work. a. doingb. to do c. being doingd. to be done 6. all her time _______ e_periments, she has no time for films. a. devoted to do b. devoted to doing c. devoting to doing d. is devoted to doing a. you fly b. your flight c. flight d. flying 8. not only should you get used ______ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention ______ your work well. a. to work, to do b. to working, to doing c. to work, to doing d. to working, to do a. to buy b. buying c. on buying d. in buying 10. “do you have anything more ______, sir?” “no. you can have a rest or do something else.” a. typing b. to be typed c. typed d. to type 11. i don’t know whether you happen ____ it, but i’m going to study in the u.s.a. this september. a. to be heard b. to be hearing c. to hear d. to have heard 12. _____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery. a. tiring; to admire b. being tired; admiring c. tired; to admire d. tired; admiring 13. don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth. a. run b. running c. being run d. to run 14. he looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. a. put b. to be put c. to put d. putting 15. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it. a. having stolen b. having been stolen c. stolen d. stealing 16. to answer correctly is more important than _____. a. that you finish quickly b. finishing quickly c. to finish quickly d. finish quickly 17. you will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go. a. to be advertised b. advertised c. advertise d. advertising 18. the monument was built in honor of the e_plorer who was believed _____ the river. a. to have discovered b. to have been discovered c. to discover d. having been discovered 19. —— have you considered _____ your job as a teacher? ——yes. i like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener. a. to change; to be b. to change; being c. changing; being d. changing; to be 20. mr. green is said _____ an e_periment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young. a. to do b. to have done c. to be doing d. to have been doing 21. seeing the soldiers well _____ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction. a. prepare b. preparing c. prepared d. having prepared 22.(山西省晋中市2023学年度高三年级第一次调研考试题，35)i walked out of the cinema, a.determining b.decided c.to determine d.to decide 23.(山东省日照市2023年高三模拟考试，26)every time he had a chance，he would talk about the great difficulty he had in the new country. a.settled b.settling c.to settle d.settle 24. (山东省济宁市2023—2023学年度高三第一阶段质量检测，32)there was a sudden burst of light a terrible noise. a.following b.to follow c.followed d.followed by 25.(福建福州八中2023年元月高三调研考试试卷，30) in a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2023 olympic games, the little girl lin miaoke won the hearts of the people all over the world. a.dressed b.worn c.dressing d.wearing 26.(福建福州八中2023年元月高三调研考试试卷，34)the problems at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solve. a.discussed b.to discuss c.to be discussed d.discussing 27.(唐山市2023-2023学年度高一第一次教学质量检测，20) when why he behaved that way at table，he made no reply. a.being asked b. asked c.asking d.to ask 28. (唐山市2023-2023学年度高一第一次教学质量检测，23) ，mom had a cup of coffee and a few minutes’ rest. a.with her housework done b.with her housework being done c.with her housework doing d.with her housework to do 29.(湖南省衡阳市八中2023年上期高二第一次月考试卷，31)the manager introduced the rules that she would like to see _______ the ne_t year. a. establish b. establishing c. established d. to establish a. losing b. lost c. having lost d. having been lost 答案与解析解析 1. 解析其实正确答案应是b此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。 2 解析此题的答案是 c不是a，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。 3. 解析此题答案选 c，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 he spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken english. 4. 解析此题答案选d，注意两点：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”;二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。 5. 解析其实答案应选a。比较以下结构： can’t help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事 6. 解析此题答案为b。现分析如下： (1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。 (2) 选a错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。 (3) 选b正确：all her time devoted to doing e_periments为独立主格结构，用作状语。 (4) 选c错误：因为all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。 (5) 选d错误：若单独看 all her time is devoted to doing e_periments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选d，或将d将中的is 改为 being也可选它。 7. 解析答案为d。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选b或c，因为b、c均为名词，不能受副词 constantly 的修饰。a和d均是可能的，因为其中有动词 fly。但若选a，you fly 是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语 will be 相冲突，所以只能选d，即动名词flying在此用作主语。 8. 解析正确答案为b，因为 get used to与pay attention to 这两个结构中的to均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的 to 也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形 9. 解析答案应选c。其实，动词 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词，因为insist 通常用作不及物动词;若语义上需接宾语，要借助介词 on或upon，即用于 insist on [upon] (doing) sth;但它有时的确也可用作及物动词，不过其宾语通常只能是 that 从句，而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。 10. 解析答案是b。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如 i have some clothes to wash等，即尽管其中的 some clothes 与其后的不定式 to wash 具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如 i have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由该句主语 i 来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you来完成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的。 11. 解析happen to have done sth 为不定式的完成时, 表示一个已经完成了的动作,强调对于现在的影响. 答案d 12. 解析tired and out of breath为“形容词和介词短语”在句中作状语。stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外一件事 答案c 13. 解析非谓语动词作宾语补足语时,选项a、d表示将来可能发生的动作;b表示宾语持续性动作,根据句意选b,表示水不停地流出。 答案b 14. 解析catch sb doing sth表示发觉或当场捉住 sb在做一件事情。 答案d 15. 解析从动作发生的时间来看，应是先偷钻石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。 答案 a 16. 解析题意为“正确做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。两个非谓语动词短语在形式上应保持一致。 答案c 17. 解析advertise意为“为……登广告”。made in this factory作定语修饰product; advertised作宾语补足语。 答案b 18. 解析用不定式的完成式表示动作发生在(定语)从句谓语动作之前。 答案 a 19. 解析consider 作“考虑”解时，后常接-ing形式(短语)作宾语;作“认为” 解时，后常接含有名词、形容词或to be的复合结构。 答案d 20. 解析由when young可知此处应该用不定式的完成式，表示此动作发生在谓语动作之前。 答案b 21. 解析由固定短语be (well) prepared for可知此处应用过去分词作宾补。 答案c 22. 解析determining 与主语i 是主谓关系，逗号后面不是一个并列句，因此排除选项b。不定式一般表示将来，不符合题意。 答案 a 23. 解析have difficulty (in)doing sth为固定搭配，因此选b。 答案b 24. 解析根据常识，先看见闪电，后听见雷声，因此要用过去分词，由by引出宾语。 答案d 25. 解析dressed in+衣服，固定搭配，表示处于一种状态。 答案 a 26. 解析the problems 与discuss之间是被动的关系，应用被动语态;tomorrow这个时间状语决定应该是将来的事情，不定式可以表示将来，因此选c。 答案c 27. 解析句意：当他被问到在餐桌旁为什么那样表现时，他没有做出回答。根据题意，应选过去分词，此处为省略句，相当于when he was asked......。 答案b 28. 解析housework和do是动宾关系，过去分词done表示被动和完成，符合题意。意思是“做完家务后，妈妈喝了一杯咖啡，然后休息了一会儿。” 答案 a 29. 解析see sth done 固定搭配，establish与rules之间是动宾关系。句子的意思是：经理介绍了一些她希望明年生效的规定。 答案c 30. 解析句意强调主语沉思，而不知道下一步将要做什么事情。由主语he，我们可知应用主动语态，排除选项d;having lost表示动作发生在主语动作之前，不和题意，排除c;过去分词作形容词，可以表示主语所处的一种状态，符合题意。 答案b

【第5篇 2023高考英语知识点总结：形容词和副词

2023高考英语知识点总结：形容词和副词 形容词、副词是每年高考必考点之一，近几年语境综合化程度越来越高，难度加大。高考热点有：形容词、副词词义辨析;原级、比较级、级的使用;倍数的表达方法;比较等级的修饰语;多个形容词的排列顺序;常见形容词、副词的惯用法等。 关于形容词与副词这一考点，主要考查以下几个方面： 1.考查形容词和副词的基本用法 形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。 2.考查形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置：①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。 3.考查多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 4.考查副词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。 5.考查–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 -ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。 6.考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异 即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别。 7.考查形容词和副词的比较等级。 8.考查比较等级的修饰语。 考点1： 在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义 从复现的频率来看，此点是高考对形容词、副词考查的第一大热点。解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境，结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。 考点2：考查形容词、副词的比较级、级及前面的修饰语 备考清单 1) 比较级、级的选用及应用范围 比较级、级常用于表示两者或多者间的比较。复习中须注意如下句型的用法： ① as + 原级adj. / adv. + as表示“和……一样”及not as / so + 原级adj. / adv. + as表示“不如……”。例如： (94全国) john plays football as well as, if not better than, david. the piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good. ② as + 原级adj. + a(n) + n. + as表示“跟……一样”。例如： (2001全国) it’s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. (2023北京) our neighbour has as big a house as ours. ③ 比较级 + than表“比……更”及less ... than表示“不如……”。例如： this year they have produced less grain than they did last year. this road is wider than that one. ④ the + 比较级， the + 比较级表示“越……，就越……”。例如： (93上海) it’s believed that the harder you work, the better result you’ll get. ⑤ the +比较级+ of the + 名词 / 代词表示两者中“较……的”。例如： who is the younger of the two boys? ⑥比较级 + 比较级(越来越……)。___ 例如： our country is getting stronger and stronger. things became worse and worse from then on. ⑦用the last表示“最不可能的”、“最不适合的”、“最不希望的”等。例如: the last thing i want to do is to offend you.我最不愿意做的就是惹你生气。 he is the last man i want to see.他是我最不希望见的人。 2) 形容词、副词原级、比较级、级前的程度状语 ① 注意一些形容词或副词前的特定修饰语。例如： (2023广东) sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always that much to do. (那样多) i quite like it. they are quite different / wrong. quite possible / impossible my hometown is much changed. much to my surprise(很让我吃惊) be well worth doing (很值得做) ② 比较级前常可用still, even, much, far, a lot / little / few / bit, rather, any, a great deal, so far, by far, no等词修饰。(注意more不用于修饰比较级)。例如： (94全国) if there were no e_aminations, we should have a much happier time. (2000上海) you’re standing too near the cinema. can you move a bit farther? this is by far the better. ③ 级可用序数词、much、 by far、 nearly、 almost等词修饰。例如： africa is the second largest continent. the pacific is by far the largest ocean. i like this film the very best / much the best. 考点3：形容词作表语，形容词、副词作后置定语 备考清单 1) 形容词用于系动词后作表语 在最近几年高考试题中系动词加形容词作表语的情况出现过很多次。高考对此点的考查集中于区别到底是系动词还是一般动词并选择合适的形容词，而不是副词作表语。常见的联系动词有如下三类： 表示感觉的系动词：sound, look, taste, appear, smell, feel, seem等 表示状态存在的系动词：remain, keep, stay, continue, prove, lie, stand等。例如： 2) 形容词、副词作后置定语 备考清单 常见的几种修饰语后置的情况有： ①形容词修饰something, nothing, anything, everything等不定代词时要后置。②present作“出席的”时只作后置定语。③表语形容词如alive, asleep, awake, alone等只能作后置定语。④副词修饰动词时, 放在动词之后。修饰形容词或副词时, 放在被修饰词之前。enough修饰形容词、副词时要后置，修饰名词时可放在名词的前后。形容词短语修饰名词作主语时要后置。用and或or连接的形容词作定语时要后置, 起强调作用。表数量的词作定语时要后置。副词修饰形容词的特殊词序, “so, as, how, too + 形容词 + 单数可数名词”。 考点4：倍数表达法 备考清单 三种常见倍数表达法： 1) 倍数 + as + 原级形容词 + as ...。例如： this road is three times as long as that one. 2) 倍数 + the size / length / width / depth / height of ...。例如： the river is five times the width of that one. 3) 倍数 + 比较级 + than + 被比较对象。例如： the sun is a million times larger than the earth. 考点5： 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题及语序不同意义不同的词组 备考清单 1) 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题 多个形容词作定语时的排序一般遵从如下规律： 如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后。例如：a small wonderful gift 常用的顺序为： 限定词+描绘性形容词(beautiful)+大小、长短、高低等形容性形容词+(large, long, high)+新旧(old)+颜色(red)+产地(chinese)+材料(wood)+用途(writing)+被修饰名词(desk) 记住以上规则是必要的，但还应多阅读、多体会，增强语感是关键。例如： all these last few days 最近的这些日子 some beautiful little red flowers 一些美丽的小红花 a high red brick wall 一堵高高的红砖墙 a beautiful white japanese military jeep 一辆漂亮的白色日本军用吉普车 其中限定词的排列顺序为： all / both / half / double / 倍数词 / 分数词 + 冠词 / 指示代词 / 物主代词 / 名词所有格 / some / any / no / every / each +基数词 / 序数词 / little / few / last / ne_t / other / another / more，形容词的排列顺序为：大小、长短、高低、新旧、颜色、产地、材料、用途、类别等。 尽管以上给出了排序的基本规律，但由于所涉及的词太多，想要记清楚确实有难度。下面给出四句口诀辅助记忆： 所有这些词， 顺序往后数; 美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。 上面口诀中前两句主要用于解决排在最前边的多个限定词之间的顺序。它可以应用于all (所有) these (这些) last (顺序) few (数量) days短语中。这个短语基本上可以体现多个限定词之间的先后顺序。口诀后两句可对应一句话“this is a charming small round old yellow french wood reading room.”其中多个形容词之间的先后顺序基本上可以在这一句中得以体现，而且汉语歌诀的形式将使记忆更形象、更深刻。利用以上歌诀时是“抓两头”，即牢记排在最前边的限定词及排在最后边的形容词，如产地、材料、用途等，则能轻松突破此难点。 考点6： 考查形容词与副词区别, 易混词带有-ly的形容词、副词及复合形容词 备考清单 1) 注意如下有无-ly的形容词和副词的意义区别： wide / high / deep(具体的意义)宽 / 高 / 深 widely / highly / deeply(抽象意义)广泛地 / 高度地 / 深深地 most十分、非常 / 最多(大)的 mostly主要地、绝大多数地、多半 close靠近地 closely密切地、仔细地 late迟的，迟到的 lately最近、近来 direct直接(主要用于谈论路程和时间,和straight意思相同) directly直率地、立即 2) 注意合成形容词本质上是一个形容词，其合成部份中的名词不能变为复数形式。例如： he wrote a two-thousand-word report. his uncle is 6 feet tall. he is a forty-year old man. 3) “名词+ ly”构成的是形容词，而不是副词。 这类形容词有friendly, lovely, weekly, monthly, daily等 4) 有些词既可以作形容词也可以作副词。例如: he got up late, so he was late for school again. can you see that straight road? go straight along this road, you’ll find the supermarket at the end. this maths problem was hard. i thought hard and got the answer at last. 精选试题 模拟题及其答案 1. how beautifully she sings! i have never heard _____ voice. a. a better b. a best c. the better d. the best 2. professor white has written some short stories, but he is _____ known for his plays. a. the best b. more c. better d. the most 3. the plane flew smoothly ______ in the sky and people spoke ______ of the e_perienced pilot. a. high;high b. highly;highly c. high;highly d. highly;high 4. —— what do you think of the concert?—— oh, it was______success. a. a very b. quite a c .so d. really 5. i haven’t seen______ this since i collected stamps. a. as old a stamp as b. so an old stamp as c. stamp as old as d. as an old stamp a 6.the task is too much for me, so i can’t carry on ______any longer. i must get some help. a. singly b.simply c.alone d.lonely 7. have your working conditions improved? ---no, ______than before, i’m afraid. a. no better b.a little batter c.not worse d.no worse 8. to their great relief, the missing child returned home, ______, after an absence of two weeks. a.felt tired and sound b.tiring and soundly c.feeling tired but soundly d.tired but sound 9. we must keep our room clean, for dirt and disease go______, you know. a.hand in hand b.step by step c.from time ti time d.one zfter another 10. how are you getting on with your classates? ——______. i’ve got to know them all. 11. it is always difficult being in a foreign country, __________if you don’t speak the language. a.e_tremely b.naturally c.basically d.especially 12. it is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science. a.an art much as b.much an art as c.as an art much as d.as much an art as 13. it is re ported that the united states uses _____ energy as the whole of europe. a. as twice b. twice much c. twice much as d. twice as much 14. john smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car. a. large german white b. large white german c. white large german d. german large white 15. this _____girl is linda’s cousin. a. pretty little spanish b. spanish little pretty c. spanish pretty little d. little pretty spanish 16. mr. smith owns _____collection of coins than anyone else i have ever met. a. larger b. a larger c. the larger d. a large 17.—did you enjoy yourself at the party? —yes. i’ve never been to ______one before. a. a more e_cited b. the most e_cited c. a more e_citing d. the most e_citing 18.—are you going to have a holiday this year? —i'd love to. i can't wait to leave this place ______. a. off b. out c. behind d. over 19. there were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get _______ a. between b. through c. across d. beyond 20. i thought she was famous, but none of my friends have ______heard of her. a. even b. ever c. just d. never 21. (2023年天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考(一)，英语，33)——you don’t go to that supermarket quite often, do you? —— no, i only go there ______ because it’s too far away from my house. a. eventually b. constantly c. occasionally d. frequently 22. (2023年天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考(二)，英语，3)my daughter cares more for new clothes than anything else in the world, so she is very _______ about what she wears. a. special b. strict c. especial d. particular 23.(2023年东北三省三校第一次联合模拟考试英语试题，英语，24)well, that’s just the deal. ______ price will be out of my reach. a. the higher b. a higher c. the highest d. a highest a.skillfully b.immediately c.normally d.nervously 25.(银川一中2023届高三年级第一次模拟考试，英语，33)attention, coffee lovers! we have for you, the best coffee machine _____ invented. a. ever b. already c. even d. nowadays 26.(2023学年绍兴一中第一次高考模拟试卷，英语，36)it is ______ to spend money in preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people ______ after they are ill. a. good; good b. well; better c. better; better d. better; good a.available b.affordable c.helpful d.acceptable 28. (湖北省黄冈中学2023届高三第一次模拟考试，英语，28)food safety is ________ important, so the government spares no efforts to prevent food pollution. a.strongly b. reasonably c.highly d. naturally 39.(四川省资阳市2023届高三上学期第一次模拟考试, 英语，8)10,000 dollars is a large sum of money，but it is still ______than we need for a new house a.very few b.very little c.far fewer d.far less 30. (山东省莒南一中2023—2023学年度高三第一学期学业水平阶段性测评，英语,22) wouldn’t it be for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport. a.free b.vacant c.handy d.convenient 答案与解析 1. 解析a容易误选d，认为级前要用定冠词。其实此题答案为a，该句可视为…i have never heard a better voice than her voice 之省略，全句句意为“她唱得多好啊!我从未听过她这么好的声音”。 2. 解析c此题首先不宜选b或d，因为 well known 的比较级和级通常是 better known和best known，有时也可以是 more well known 和 most well known，但通常不能是 more known 和 most known。至于是选a还是c，这就要看语境。由于句中涉及的只有 stories 和 plays 两个对象，故应选比较级。 3. 解析c high in the sky 是个形容词短语，意为“高高地在天上”。同时，speak highly of 是个词组，表示“高度赞扬”的意思。 4. 解析b quite a , quite some用以指人或物不寻常，如we had quite a party.(我们的聚会不一般。)it must be quite some car.(那辆车可不比寻常。) 5. 解析a表示“象这么旧的邮票”可用以 下形式表达：as old a stamp as this; a stamp as old as this; 否定句中前一个as可用so。 6.解析c句意：这项任务对我来说太重了，我再也不能单独自己做了，我必须找个助手。singly各自的，一个一个地;simply简单的，仅仅，只不过;alone独立，单独;lonely孤独的，寂寞的。 7. 解析a你们的工作条件改善了吗?---没有，和以前一样(不好)。no+比较级+ than 表示“两者同样不……的意思”。 8. 解析d句意：使他们宽慰的是，丢失的孩子两周后又重返家园，虽然很疲惫但很健康。形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，不表示动作的方式。 9. 解析a句意：我们必须保持室内卫生，你知道脏乱与疾病是分不开的。hand in hand---happenning together and closely connected密切相关的，同时发生的。本句还可说成：dirt goes hand in hand with disease. 10. 解析a句意：——你和你们班的同学相处的如何?——好多了，我和他们都认识了。答语为省略句，补全后应为：i’m getting on far better with my classmates. 11. 解析d 本题考查副词的词义辨析。注意掌握词语的准确含义，结合语境进行分析。a项意为“极端地”;b项意为“自然地”;c项“基本上”;d项“尤其，特别地”。根据句意“如果你不会讲(它的)语言，在国外你就总会困难重重”可知答案。 12.解析d本题可从考查形容词的同级比较点入手。在同级比较as…as句式中，如果as后面的形容词作定语且其所修饰的名词前有不定冠词时，该冠词须置于形容词之后，即形成“as + 形容词+a / an + 单数可数名词 + as”结构。这道题在名词专题中也有解析，不同的是观察视角不同，应注意培养发散思维。 13.解析d表示倍数的twice(两倍)要放在第一个as前，即“倍数+as+形容词(+名词)+as”。故选d。 14.解析b large是“大小”，german是“产地”，white是“颜色”;其排列顺序应当是“大小+颜色+产地”。故选b。 15. 解析a pretty是描绘性形容词，little是表示大小的形容词，spanish是表示国籍的形容词，所以，它们的排序是pretty little spanish。 16.解析b 由than可知要用比较级，排除选项d;又因collection(收藏品)是可数名词，此处为单数又不是特指，要用不定冠词a。 17.解析c由yes可知，“我从未参加过(比这个晚会)更令人兴奋的一场晚会了。”指晚会是“令人兴奋的”，排除选项a和b;由语境可知是隐含式比较级：以往经历过的任何一次与这一次晚会相比，排除d。 18.解析c考查副词。leave…behind是固定搭配。 19. 解析b get through (=pass)中的through可以是副词，表示“通过”。 20.解析b考查副词用法。因为ever用于否定语、疑问句或条件句中，表示“在任何时候(=at any time)”，即not…ever = never从不，从来没有。 21. 解析c句意：---你不经常去超市，是吗?---不经常去，我只是偶尔去，因为超市离我们家太远。occasionally---sometimes, but not regulary and not often偶尔;eventually ---at last, in the end最后，终于;constantly ---all the time, or very often不断地，经常地;frequently频繁地，经常地。 22. 解析d special特殊的;strict严厉的;especial专门的;be particular about sth对……很挑剔;符合题意。这句话的意思是：我的女儿对新衣服和一切新事物都很关心，因此她对穿着很挑剔。 23.解析b 句意：好了，成交了，再高了就超出了我的支付能力了。根据题意，并不是进行比较，因此不用比较级，排除a 和c，而是表示“再”，冠词a+比较级表示此意。 24.解析a skillfully技巧熟练地，符合题意。由much to my surpris 可推测出 the eight-year-old boy应该技巧熟练。immediately立即的;normally正常的;nervously紧张的。 25. 解析a句意强调“我们今天准备的是曾经的” ever 曾经;already 已经;even 甚至;nowadays 如今;后三项不符合题意。 26.解析c有than 可知前面一个空应用比较级，因此排除ab, 根据题意第二个空也应用比较级，是生病前后病人身体健康状况的比较。 27.解析a available可以得到的, 可达到的, 可用的;affordable买得起的;helpful 有帮助的;acceptable可以接受的;根据句意，a项符合题意。 28.解析c strongly强壮地，强烈的;reasonably合情合理的;highly 高度地, 很好, 非常;naturally自然的;句意是食品安全非常重要，因此政府不遗余力预防食物污染。 39.解析d由 than 可知应用比较级，排除ab，数量多少应用 little 比较级为 less. 30.解析d free自由的，空闲的;vacant空缺的，空白的;handy便于使用的, 便利的, 可携带的, 轻便的;convenient方便的，d项符合题意。

【第6篇 2023高考英语知识点总结：名词

2023高考英语知识点总结：名词 研究近年来高考题我们不难看出，名词部分主要考察名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。在高考试题中，名词常结合其他项目一起考察，考察题型以单项选择、短文改错、完形填空、语篇中的名词词义理解、及写作部分等。 单项填空对名词的考察重点放在名词词义辨析，特别是同义词和近义词的辨析上。名词的习惯用法、一词多义、抽象名词具体化，名词动用等方面也是考察的重点。 一、对同义词、近义词的考查 1、 at the meeting they discussed three different_______to the study of mathematics。 a.approaches b.means c.methods d.ways 答案d。 解析在会议上他们讨论了三种不同的学习数学的方法。way意为“方式，方法”，可指具体的方法，也可指抽象的方法，多指一般的思想、行动、办事的方法，也可指个人特殊的方式、方法。approach意为“接近，靠近，方式，方法”，指接近某人或某事，也可指对待或处理事情的方式或方法。mean意为“方式，方法”，用于抽象意义，可指为达到某一目的而采用的方法、计划、政策、策略等，尤指整套方法;用于具体意义，常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船等。method意为“方式，方法”，指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法，强调条理性及高效率。 备考提示面对英语学习中的大量近义词，仅凭母语我们往往无法把它们真正理解和解释清楚。要尽可能地多翻阅英语词典，注意并比较它们的基本义，用英语的思维方式和语言来解释和理解它们。 二、对相似词的考查 2、always read the_______on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. a. e_planations b. instructions c. descriptions d. introductions 答案b。 解析 从选项中名词的拼写来看，不但形式相似，都是以tions为后缀，而且instructions 和introductions读音也相似，我们平时如果不注意单词的辨形、辨音，很容易混淆，再加上四个单词的含义也相似，有的考生被弄得晕头转向。本题要求在辨形的基础上还要知道这几个词的含义：e_planation，“解释”;instruction，“说明”;description，“描述”;introduction，“介绍”。本句的意思是“必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，按量服用”。答案是b。 三、易错的新版教材名词固定搭配 作为对新版教材的体现，新版教材里的一些新出现的名词固定搭配得到了较多的一种考查。 3、______achievement，last week’s ministerial meeting of the wto here earned a low,though not failing，grade. a.in terms of b.in case of c.as a result of d.in face of 答案a。 解析语境为：就成绩而言，上周wto在这里的部长级会议得分不高，尽管还不至于不及格。b项表“如果”，c项表“因为”，d项表“面对……”，a项表“关于、至于”，符合题意。 4、you have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of______。 a.date b.shape c.order d.balanee 答案b。 解析你坐在我帽子上，帽子已严重变形了。out of shape意为“变形”;out of date意为“过时”：out of order意为“混乱”;out ofbalance 意为“失衡”。 备考提示面对教材里的词组、搭配，我们要注意收集和整理，并尤其要加强新出现的固定搭配的记忆和分类汇总。 四、考察单词基本义的引申和拓展 近年来，常见单词的陌生义项在高考试题中不时出现，给部分考生造成了不小的障碍。 5、to make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses. a.strengths b.benefits c.techniques d.values 答案a。 解析语境为：要使队员表现得更好，教练员首先得清楚每个队员的优点和缺点。b项表“利益、好处”，不合题意。而a项除表体力外，还可引申为可数名词something providing force or power优点、强项，符合语境。 备考提示平时多翻阅英语词典，尽可能了解最常见单词的新义项。同时，加强英语材料的接触，拓展自己的知识面，提高自己的英语水平。 精选试题 模拟题及其答案 1、to the great of the citizens, no one else was infected with h1n1 e_cept the 12 confirmed cases . a. rela_ation b. disappointment c. relief d. surprise (湖北省黄冈中学2023届高三年级9月月考) 2、the twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural________. a.transplant b.transformation c.transportation d.translation (河南省实验中学2023—2023高三第一次月考) 3、the map was drawn to the standard _____ of 1:100,000. so there was not much detail. a. route b. line c. rate d.scale (河南省实验中学2023—2023高三第一次月考) 4、achieving a high degree of proficiency in english as a foreign language is not a mysterious without scientific basis. (江苏南通九校2023—2023高三第一次月考) 5、mr smith had an unusual :he was first an office clerk, then a sailor,and ended up as a school teacher. [a] profession [b] occupation [c] position [d] career (江苏南通九校2023—2023高三第一次月考) 6、because of its intimacy,radio is usually more than just a medium;it is . (山东潍坊2023—2023高三第一次月考) 7、the financial crisis has put the world economy in a difficult _________. a. occasion b. condition c. evaluation d. situation (合肥市2023高三第一次质量检测) 8.—paul has gone abroad to try his luck. —in my _______, his decision is not wise. a. word b. view c. sight d. way (福建省普通高中2023年毕业班单科质量检查) 9.—jack brown is very clever and he studies hard as well. a. answer b. question c. wonder d. problem (宁波市2023年第一次教学质量检测) 10. as is well known, the brain performs a very important _______, which controls the nerve system of the body. a.motion b. action c. fun_ction d. fact (烟台市2023年高三年级模块检测) 11. at the meeting they discussed three different to the study of mathematics. a. means b. methods c. ways d. approa~ hes a. theme b. purpose c. task d. brand 13. on yesterday's interview, he didn' t make a(n) at all ; what' s the matter with him? a. apology b. appearance c. difference d. change 14.--if you like,l can do some shopping for you. --it's a very kind a. service b. point c. suggestion d. offer 15. it was difficult to guess what her to the news would be. 16. what he told us about the situation simply doesn't make any a. sense b. idea c. meaning d. mistake 17. increasing supplies of fruits and vegetables to enable all people to have ____ to them is a major challenge. a. attempt b. allowance c. access d. admission 18. jeff,a british hiker,has prepared a variety of clothes of different for his travel from south china to the noah. a. measures b. weights c. sizes d. lengths 19. we need to consider what we will be using for language training. a. abilities b. appliances c. facilities d. qualities 20. most air pollution is caused by the burning of like coal, gas and oil. a. fuels b. articles c. goods d. products 2l. the kind of office equipment will certainly make a(n) to the way 1 do my job. a. sense b. difference c. effect d. meaning 22. l was really unwilling to play chess with him, but 1 had to meet the from him. 23. he isn' t honest at all. under no should you lend him any money. a. time b. case c. circumstances d. means 24. don' t try to persuade ynur boss ; he won ' t have the of employing me -- a fresh student. a. intention b. attention c. sense d. attraction 25. when he first went for treatment at the hospital he seemed to be a hopeless a. situation b. case c. condition d. state 26. i bought a new type of cellphone, which was the of all my classmates. a. wish b. respect c. envy' d. admire 27. there' s no from my bedroom window e_cept for some factory chimneys. a. view b. scene c. sight d. look 28. the chinese are looking forward to the first to land on the moon after yang liwei's successful trip to space. a. measure b. attempt c. purpose d. desire 29. she is in a poor of health, which worries her mother very much. a. position b. situation c. state d. condition 30. some famous singers live on the from their record sales. 答案与解析 1c解析句意为为了市民的极大的安慰，没有其他人被感染，除了12个确诊病例h1n1病毒。c符合题意，变革。 命题意图与考点定位特定语境中的名词的辨析。 2b解析句意为在政治、经济、文化等方面，二十世纪经历了一场全球范围的大变革。选项中三个选项前缀trans-(转移，变换)，b符合题意，变革。 命题意图与考点定位特定语境中的名词的辨析。 3d解析scale在此题中意指“(实物与地图、图解等代表物间的)比例，比例尺”.be drawn to be standard scale of 1/100,000(按照十万分之一标准比例尺绘制)。 命题意图与考点定位特定语境中的名词辨析。 句意为： 在作为外语的英语方面达到很高水平并非是一种毫无科学根据的神秘过程。 5d[解析] 名词辨析，profession指“(需要教育、大量训练和专门学习的法律、医学、教育等脑力劳动方面的)专业或职业”，如：the professions of law, medicine, and engineering(法律、医学和工程职业)。occupation意为“职业，行业，位置”，指成为正常的生活来源的一项活动，如：he has no fi_ed occupation. (他没有固定职业。) position意为“(雇用)职位，工作，职务”，如：he’s got a good position.(他谋得一份好工作。)career可指“事业, 生涯”，也可指“某人工作经历或事业上取得成就的总的过程或进程”，如：an officer with a distinguished career(有着卓越成就的军官)。题句冒号后的内容是对前面的补充说明，即，介绍了史密斯先生一生从事过的工作，这些工作单独来看是职业，但总的来看，是他的生涯。因此，应选[d]career。 [句意] 史密斯先生有着不寻常的人生：他起初当过办公室职员，然后当海员，最终做了一名教师。 7 d解析经济危机使世界经济陷入困难的境地。a场合;b状况，条件;c评价。 8 b解析in my view=in my opinion 我认为他的决定不明智。 9 c解析it is no wonder that/ no wonder…为固定句型，意为：难怪……。 本句句意为：难怪他在考试中老是第一。 10 c解析句意：众所周知，大脑起着重要的作用，它控制着人体的神经系统。a项移动，运动;b项行动，fun_ction功能，作用。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m 11 d 。解析四个选项的本义都是方法.但是从后面的介词to可以确定，d为正确答案。 12 a 。解析theme主题;purpose目的;task任务;brand商标，牌子。结合语境可知a为答案。 13 b 。解析句意为昨天的向试，他根本没露面。他出什么事了。make an apology道歉;make an appearance露面，在场;make a difference有变化，有影响;make a change有改变。由句意可知，答案选b。 14 d。解析从上句看是说话者主动提出帮助，本句是对说话者的答谢，所以答案选d。 16 a。解析make sense 等于be reasonable合情合理，， 17 c。解析have access to do sth固定搭配。 1 8 b。解析different weights不同的重量，结合句子内容可知，此处指的是从南到北气候可能有差异，所穿服装也应该有所不同，所答案选b。 19 c。解析考查名词同义辨析，句意：我们必须考虑我们将使用什么样的设备进行语言培训。appliance指(家用)电器;facility指某方面的设施，设备，如：public facilities公共设施。 20a。解析由题干中的coal, gas and oil.可知，这些都是燃料，故正确答案为a。article物品;goods货物，商品;product产品.均不符合句意。 21 b。解析句意为这样的办公设备无疑将会对我的工作方式产生影响。make sense有意义，讲得通;makek a difference to sb/sth对 ……产生影响;have an effect of sth对…·有影响。故答案选b。 22 b。解析句意为我实在不愿意和他下棋，但我不得不迎接他的挑战。challenge挑战，符合句意。 23 c。解析句意为他很不诚实，任何情况下都别借给他钱，under no cimumstances意思为在任何情况下都不，位于句首时句子要部分倒装。 24 a 。解析句意为别费力说服你的老板了，他不想雇用我这个大一学生。have the intention of doig sth打算做某事.有做某事的意刚，是习惯用法。 25 b。解析考察近义词辨析。由treatment at the hospital 可知，case此处意为病人。 26 c 。解析句意为我买了一部新款式的手机，当然便成了同学们羡慕的对象。wish愿望;respect尊敬;envy羡慕(或嫉妒)的对象;admire感叹，称赞。故答案选c。 27 a 。解析句意为除了一些工厂的烟囱外，从我卧室看不到任何风景。view自然美景，风景;scene景色，景象;sight情景，景象;look容貌，外表，由句意可知，答案选a。 28.b。解析考察名词词义辨析。，句意：在杨利伟成功邀游太空后，中围人民正盼望着登月的第一次尝试。measure措施;attempt试图，尝试;pu rpose目的;desire渴望，欲望。故答案选b。 29 c 。解析state(精神、身体)状态，情况;position处境，地位;situation状况，形势;condition状态，状况。此处表示身体状况，故答案选c。