- 目录
第1篇 天坛中英双语导游词
天坛位于北京城区的东南部，原是明、清两代皇帝祭天、祈谷的圣地。北京天坛是明朝永乐皇帝建成的祭天圣坛，也是我国现存最大的一处坛庙建筑。下面是小编为你带来的天坛中英双语导游词，欢迎参考!
天坛中文导游词
各位游客，我们今天所要参观的就是以前皇帝祭天的地方——天坛。
明朝永乐皇帝迁都北京以后，在北京南城仿照南京的大祀殿建立了这作用于祭天的圣坛，占地面积达到了273万平方米。主建筑是大祀殿，也就是今天祈年殿的位置上。天坛有外坛墙和内坛墙，北面是圆形，南面是方形，取意天圆地方。在一开始，祭天和祭地都是天坛，直到明嘉靖年间在北城修建了地坛，才分开的，并且新增了圜丘坛，用于孟冬祭天，把原来的大祀殿改为大享殿，专门用于孟春祈谷，当时殿宇屋顶已经是三重檐了，从上至下的蓝黄绿三色瓦分别代表了天地万物。而在乾隆年间，有将大享殿改为现在的祈年殿，而将屋顶瓦片都改成了蓝色的琉璃瓦。从而形成了今天我们所看到的这个世界上最大的祭天建筑群。
可是这样一个祭天圣地，却也曾经在1860年时遭到英法联军的洗劫，继而在1920xx年的时候又遭到了八国联军的蹂躏。在1920xx年袁世凯登基的时候也曾经在天坛上演了一出祭天的闹剧。在1920xx年，天坛最终还是以公园开放。解放以后天坛不仅成了著名的旅游景点，而且还是北京城市绿地的组成部分，来这里的不光是旅游者，还不乏一些专门为了强身健体的老人们。
现在就让我们沿着当年皇帝登坛的路线开始此次游览。
说完了神坛的奇妙，我在给您介绍一下祭天大典的盛况。到了每年的冬至，皇帝就要在这里祭天。在大典前两天，皇帝要在故宫里进行斋戒，而到了第三天，也就是冬至前一天，就要到天坛的斋宫进行斋戒。冬至那天，在日出前七刻，现在的凌晨四点多，奏报时辰，皇帝起驾，斋宫东北角的钟楼开始鸣钟。到具服台盥洗更衣，神牌都送到台面相应的位置，也就是七组神位，称作七幄;在圜丘前燔柴炉上放一只牛犊，用松枝燔烧，西南的望灯杆望灯高悬，点燃蟠龙通宵宝蜡，台南广场上排列着奏乐队，配合着中和韶乐，在文武百官的陪同下，祭天大典就正式开始了，皇帝由南棂星左门登坛，这时钟声停止，到了第二层南侧拜位站好后，听候司赞人报仪程。恭读至皇天上帝的祝文。礼仪结束以后，要将神位前的贡品分别送到燔柴炉(从正位幄次撤下的祭品再次焚烧，皇帝也要一旁恭立目视，称为望燎)和燎炉(圜丘坛共有12座燎炉，在瘗坎北侧，从东向西排列着8个;内围护墙东西棂星门外各有一对。从配位幄次车下的祭品分别送到8个燎炉内焚烧，而四个从位幄次的祭品送到棂星门处)焚烧，烟雾腾空，象征着送到天庭。而后还要将牛尾、牛毛、牛血送到瘗坎掩埋，象征不忘祖先茹毛饮血之意。在这个典礼上，需要特别提到的是皇帝恭读祝文所站立的地方，就是刚才所说的台面中心天心石。他是天坛三大声学现象之一。在这里朗读的时候声音特别洪亮，而且现在这里也是一样的，各位游客不妨体会一下这奇特的效果，也像当年的皇帝一样，向上天诉说自己美好的愿望。
现在咱们继续沿着中轴线行走，面前的建筑叫做天库，而它的正殿就是皇穹宇。皇穹宇建于明嘉靖九年，起初叫做泰神殿，到了十七年，改名为现在的皇穹宇，它的作用就是在平日存放圜丘坛祭祀主神的地方，所以这里也叫圜丘坛寝宫。殿内正面的圆形石台上安放的就是皇天上帝的神牌，而前边两侧的四个方形石台上安放的则是八位祖先神主，还有东西配殿用来存放从祀神位。而皇穹宇三个字也分别代表了至高无上，天，宇宙的意思，更加显示出它的神圣和至尊。
它是一座建筑艺术价值非常高的殿宇，总体呈圆形，下边是高2.85米的圆形须弥座，为青白石筑成，有东南西三个方向的出陛，也就是台阶，而在南向出陛还有二龙戏珠的丹陛石。上边是蓝色筒瓦单檐攒尖鎏金宝顶。而在殿内还有八根檐柱和八根金柱，大殿上架没有横梁承托，全都是靠各类斗拱层层上叠来支撑，步步收缩，从而形成了精美的穹隆圆顶。这里边还运用了物理学中的杠杆原理。这组建筑不仅十分精美，而且还有回音壁和三音石，这和刚才我们说的天心石合称天坛三大声学现象。回音壁就是皇穹宇的外墙，围墙建造的磨砖对缝，十分的平滑，是很好的声音载体，可以传声，在传递途中对声音损失极小，只要对着墙说话，就算相隔四五十米，见不到面，都可以清晰的听到对方说话。而三音石则是皇穹宇大殿正前方的三块石头，您站在第一块石头上拍手可以听到一次回音，第二块石头可以听到两次，而第三块就可以听到三次回音，所以称为三音石。在后来也有人把它叫做三才石，取天地人三才的意思。
也许您刚才就已经注意到了，天坛有非常多的柏树，不错，它就好像北京一个天然的氧吧。而在这许多古柏当中，有一株500余岁的桧柏，就是回音壁西墙外的这棵九龙柏。它的树干纹理非常的奇特，布满了沟壑，而且旋转扭曲，好像9条蟠龙缠绕嬉戏，所以叫它九龙柏真是一点也不过分。
谢谢大家，如有不妥之处，还望见谅。
天坛英文导游词
(inside the south gate of the temple of heaven)
ladies and gentlemen:
welcome to the temple of heaven. (after self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of china. there are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. all in all ，there are 12 million visitors very year. now we are going to go along the route that leads to the alter. it will take roughly one hour. mind you ，the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the god of heaven.
(along the southern sacred road leading to the circular mound altar)
the largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to heaven ，the temple of heaven served as an exclusive altar for chinese monarchs during the ming and qing dynasties. it was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship heaven and pray for good harvest. but why ?
the ancient chinese believed that heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind ，and thus worshiping rites dedicated to heaven came into being.
the heaven the ancient chinese referred to was actually the universe， or nature. in those days， there were specfic rites of worship. this was especially true during the ming and qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.
the temple of heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of emperor youngle of the ming dynasty. situated in the southern part of the city ，this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. to better symbolize heaven and earth ，the northern part of the temple is circular while the southern part is square .the whole compound is enclosed by two walls， a square wall outside a round one. the outer area is characterized by suburban scenery， while the inner part is used for sacrifices. the inner enclosure consists of the hall of prayer for good harvest and the circular mound altar.
(along the imperial passage leading from the southern lattice star gate in front of the circular mound altar)
the circular mound altar is enclosed by two walls ，each containing four groups of southern lattice star gate， each in turn consisting of three doors， with 24 marble doors altogether. standing on the passage facing north， you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. this reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs， while the narrower one was used by courtiers.
on the day of the ceremony ，the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. he ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter.
(atop the circular mound alter)
we are now on the top terrace of the
altar， or the third terrace .each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. at the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. at the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. the number of stones in the first ring is 9， in the second ，18， up to 81 in the 9th ring. even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of 9. but why?
according to ancient chinese philosophy， yin and yang were two opposing factors. heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the earth and even numbers belonged to yin. nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . what is more， the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.
once more look at the round stone in the center. the upper terrace is nine zhang (a chinese unit of length， one zhang equals 3.3 meters ) in circumference ，while the middle is 15 zhang， the lower， 21 zhang. classified as yang numbers， the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized success. what is more， by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples， the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized . the concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.
now i will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the inter solstice. the memorial tablet dedicated to heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace， while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks. the service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning. all of the lanterns would be lit .in the foreground， a sacrificial calf is being barbecued. on the square in front of the altar， the emperor， under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers， princes of royal blood ，musicians， dancers and uniformed soldiers， would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of heaven. when the service drew to a close ，the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .all of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing god off .music and dancing would follow .in the end ，the emperor would return to the forbidden city secure in the belief that he would be blessed and protected by heaven until the next winter solstice.
it is interesting to note that ，the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance ，since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer. the stone ，which is known as the god`s heart stone， is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder， thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .you can try this out by yourself. (proceed northward to pass through the lattice stargate)
(in front of the gate of glazed tiles)
this structure is known as heaven` s storehouse. it is entered through the gate of glazed tiles. the roofing ，beams， and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks. this is the only structure of its kind in china today .
the heaven` s storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept. douglas hurd， a former british foreigh secretary ，once said ， “god attends to his affairs on the cir4cular mound altar but stays here. ” now let` s go in to to see it (go through the left side door)
(in the courtyard of heaven` s storehouse)
this is the imperial vault of heaven， the main structure of heaven` s storehouse. it was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter. the structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball ，and carved wooden doors and windows. it is decorated with colored paintings. founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace ，the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.. the ramp is carved in “two dragons playing with a pearl ” design in relief. we will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.
(on the marble terrace of the main hall)
the arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. on top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caisson ，or covered ceiling .the ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. the 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.
to the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal. atop it ，up a wooden flight of 9 steps， is where the major tablet dedicate to heaven was enshrined. on each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the qing emperors. in the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the qing emperors. in the annex halls in the courtyard， there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun， moon ，constellation， cloud ，rain， wind and thunder.
(echo wall and triple –sound stones)
aside from exquisitely laid out architectures， heaven` s storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features， i. e. the echo wall and the triple- sound stone. a mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side， although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. this is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth ，solid bricks.
in front of the steps leading away from the halls is the triple sound stone. if you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands， the sound will echo once; on the second stone， the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone， the sound will repeat three times. hence the name. (go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path nor thward)
(nine-dragon cypress)
the temple of heaven is also famous for its cypress trees-there are more than 60，000 cypress trees in all ，among which over 4，000 are more than one hundred years old ，adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .this tall cypress was planted more than 500 years ago. its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the nine-dragon cypress. it is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs. now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.
(in the south of chengzhen gate)
now we are back again on the central axis. this brick-arched gate is known as chengzhen (adopting fidelity) .this gate is the northern gate of the circular mound altar and the hall of prayer for good harvest. the hall of prayer for good harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis. it was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.
(on the red stairway bridge)
entering the hall of prayer for good harvest， we set foot on a raised passage 360 meters long， which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. this broad north-south walkway， called danbiqiao (red stairway bridge)， connects the two sets of main building in the temple of heaven and constitutes a single axis.
the passage is divided into left， control and right paths by the cross arrangement of slabs. the central and the widest path is known as heavenly thoroughfare ， which was reserved exclusively for god; nobody， including the emperor， was allowed to set foot onto it . the emperor used the path on the east ，which is known as the imperial walk. the ministers and princes used the one on the west .interesting enough ，there is no walkway left for ordinary people. this is because the temple of heaven used to be off-limits to them.
contrary to appearances， this walkway is not a bridge at all . but how so ? this road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep. the cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice. all in all ，it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in beijing.
looking back at the thoroughfare， you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end. as people approach the architectural group of the hall of prayer for good harvest， the flanking groves of cypress recede and perspective widens. here you are in heaven.
(costume-changing terrace)
the marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai， or costumechanging terrace. it is located to the east of the red stairway bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .it has marble slab balustrades. the day before the service ，officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes. after the service， the emperor would return to the tentand change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace. (proceed to the south gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest)
(at the gate of prayer for good harvest)
this structure is called the gate of pray for good harvest. we can catch a slight glimpse of the central building ，the hall of prayer for good harvest， though the colonnade of the gate. a gigantic and lofty group of buildings， the complex includes the gate of prayer for good harvest， the hall of prayer for good harvest， eastern and western annex halls ，the huanqian (imperial heaven) long corridor， heaven kitchen， slaughterhouse， etc.
the annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace ，to set off the loftiness and magnificence of the main hall .this unique building ，38 meters in height， is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball. the roofing is made of blue glazed tiles， the color of the sky .underneath the roof， the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings. the base of the structure is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace. at a distance， the terrace looks like a gigantic， spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it .
today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of beijing， which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.
(at the base of the hall of prayer for good harvest)
the base of the hall is a triple-tiered， circular marble terrace， which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height ，covering a space of 4，000 square meters. meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure. in the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs， there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud， dragon and phoenix designs. to set off the ramps， the top of the balustrades and downpipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls. in southern part of each tier， a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed. sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.
(in front of the hall of prayer for good harvest)
climbing up this marble terrace， we see the main hall ，a masterpiece of ancient china. looking up you will see the caisson， or covered ceiling， characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes. in and out ， the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.
without the use of steel ，cement and nail， and even without the use of big beams and crossbeams， the entire structure is supported by 28 massive wooden pillars and number of bars， laths， joints and rafters. the four central pillars， called the dragon-well pillars， are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers， representing the four season. there are two rings of 12 scarlet pillars each. the inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the chinese lunar year. the pillars， 28 in number， also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.
the center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab， which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter. interestingly， the slab features natural black and white veins， corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling. this particular slab is known as the dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.
the furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when emperor xianfeng ruled .in the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of heaven. on either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed. each tablet is fronted by an altar. a total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it ，including soup， wine， assorted cereals， and a calf.
the sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning， sometime in the first month of the chinese lunar year. because it was still dark， candles， lanterns and torches were lit. this lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall ，helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.
by the time the service began，207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall. the emperor， in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of piety and sincerity， would walk slowly into the hall， kowtow， and offer wine and prayer in hornor of the deities and his ancestors. all of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for good harvest. with this we conclude our visit to the temper of heaven. the feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history .however， this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.
(on the long corridor)
from the eastern gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest， we have now enter a 300-meter-long corridor. consisting of 72 sections， this corridor served as a connecting building between the slaughterhouse. heaven kitchen， and the main hall ，it is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line. flanking the corridor are shopping stalls. you may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.
well ，that is all for this tour. thank you for your attention. i look forward to your next visit. good luck and bon voyage.
第2篇 故宫双语导游词
故宫双语导游词范文1：故宫英文导游词
lying at the center of beijing， the forbidden city， called gu gong， in chinese， was the imperial palace during the ming and qing dynasties. now known as the palace museum， it is to the north of tiananmen square. rectangular in shape， it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 hectares. surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9，999 buildings. the wall has a gate on each side. opposite the tiananmen gate， to the north is the gate of devine might (shenwumen)， which faces jingshan park. the distance between these two gates is 960 meters， while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. there are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. these afford views over both the palace and the city outside. the forbidden city is divided into two parts. the southern section， or the outer court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. the northern section， or the inner court was where he lived with his royal family. until 1924 when the last emperor of china was driven from the inner court， fourteen emperors of the ming dynasty and ten emperors of the qing dynasty had reigned here. having been the imperial palace for some five centuries， it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site in 1987， the palace museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.
construction of the palace complex began in 1407， the 5th year of the yongle reign of the third emperor of the ming dynasty. it was completed fourteen years later in 1420. it was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. stone needed was quarried from fangshan， a suburb of beijing. it was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. huge amounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. ancient chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the forbidden city. take the grand red city wall for example. it has an 8.6 meters wide base reducing to 6.66 meters wide at the top. the angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. the bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. these incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong.
since yellow is the symbol of the royal family， it is the dominant color in the forbidden city. roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. however， there is one exception. wenyuange， the royal library， has a black roof. the reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.
nowadays， the forbidden city， or the palace museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders， the grand and deluxe halls， with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy 'modern civilians'.
故宫双语导游词范文2：故宫中文导游词
各位游客大家好啊!我姓金。大家可以叫我导或金同学都没关系，我很荣幸能够带领大家去故宫旅游。希望大家能够听我对故宫的解说。
我们现在要去故宫了。故宫可是世界文化的遗产。我们要注意的事项：不能带火种，不能带危险物品：如小刀，剪刀等危险物品。不能有乱扔垃圾，乱涂乱画等不文明的事情。
现在展现在我们面前气势宏伟的古代人民的建筑——故宫，故宫又称紫禁城。故宫的大门是南为午门也就是故宫的正门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门，这宫墙四门的角楼都是风格独特，造型绚丽的。故宫的石墙上有龙的雕刻，有双龙戏珠，龙腾
虎跃，龙飞凤舞等美丽的图案。全殿面阔11间，进深5间，外有廊柱，殿内外共立72根大柱。殿高35米，殿内净空高达14米，宽63米，面积2377平方米，为全国最大的木结构大殿。我再给大家介绍介绍其他的宫殿吧!
现在大家来到的是保和殿。保和殿是皇帝宴请外藩王公，贵族和京中文武大臣 之处。你们知道乾清宫吗?不知道也没关系，现在我告诉大家乾清宫是明清皇帝居住和处理政务的地方。你们看过'还珠格格'这部电视剧吗?它就是在故宫拍的。
规划严整，气魄宏伟，壮观美丽，这就是我国的故宫。现在大家可以自由参观了。
第3篇 “桂林漓江”中英双语导游词
漓江，属珠江流域西江水系，为支流桂江上游河段的通称，位于广西壮族自治区东北部。以下是桂林漓江中英双语导游词，欢迎阅读，希望能帮到您!
lijiang river in guilin
(桂林漓江)
hello! ladies and gentlemen!now, we reach guangxis most famous scenic spot and hottest tourist destination. i hope youll enjoy it and have a chance to relax here.
now, let me introduce guilins water system to you. it consists of two rivers and four lakes. two rivers are the lijiang and taohua rivers, while the four lakes are ronghu, shanhu, guihu, and mulong lakes. together these bodies of water form the guilin water systems dream tour. this tour and construction of the water system began during the tang dynasty and was popular in song dynasty. during these periods, there were many lakes and ponds scattered throughout guilin. the citys water system was thus highly developed. people could get to and enjoy all the well-known scenic spots by a small boat.
however, with the passage of time, the two rivers and four lakeswere cut off from one another and guilins water system became fragmented and the water quality worsened. in 1998, the municipal party committee and the municipal administration carried out the two rivers and four lakesproject. this involved connecting the rivers and lakes, cleaning out their water, particularly removing the silt and dirt, drawing water into lakes, making the hills and surrounding landscape greener, building the roads and bridges, and improving the cultural attractions. this project has not only rebuilt and expanded guilins old water system, but also improved the ecological environment of the central city and boosted its appearance and quality of life. for example, pleasure boats can once again be seen sailing on the waters within the city. this recreational landscape is one of the best in china and can be compared with other famous so-called water cities, including venice and amsterdam with their canals and paris with its seine river.
as you can see, lijiang river is guilins quintessential landscape. its water quality is also better than that of most chinese rivers that flow through major cities. it is part of the pearl river system and originates from the first peaks of southern china， the maoer mountain. the 83-kilometer waterway from guilin to yangshuo is known as the golden waterway and is a must see for chinese and foreign tourists visiting guilin. throughout human history numerous men of letters from very different countries have written memorable prose regarding the lijiang river and its surrounding scenerys enchanting beauty. the tang dynasty poet, han yu, once praised the picturesque and poetic lijiang river by writing that the river is like a blue silk ribbon and the hills are like green jade hairpins .
from guilin to yangshuo, the prominent landforms are karst hoodoo peak clusters. the river flows around these mountains to form valleys. the scenery is the best in caoping, yangdi and xingping. there are beautiful scenes of nine horses fresco hill, yellow cloth reflection, and half side ferry. the lijiang landscapes appearance varies at different times of the year, from different viewpoints, and during different climates. on sunny days, the sky and river are a vast bright green world with no bounds between them; the thousand peaks and hills will provide a visual feast for your eyes. and on foggy days, the water is wreathed in mist, with the fog constantly disappearing and reappearing. on moonlit nights, the hills are clear as if theyve been washed, while the river and its ripples are so green.
in the river section in guilin, the valley is open, famous hills like wave-taming, piled silk, elephant, tunnel, and pagoda hills stand erect from the ground, and the cliffs are so steep that they seem to have been cut by a sword. so one of lijiangs major features is indeed green hills, clear water, fantastic caves and charming rocks。 every scene of the hundred-mile lijiang river is a typical chinese ink painting.
女士们、先生们，大家好!现在我们来到了最负盛名的漓江风景区。漓江是时下一个很热门的旅游目的地，我希望大家里能够得到充分的放松。能喜欢这里的风景，在这
首先，让我介绍一下桂林的水系。桂林水系由两江四湖组成。两江四湖是指由漓江、桃花江与溶湖、杉湖、桂湖、木龙湖所构成的环城水系。桂林的水上游览兴于唐，盛于宋，当时的桂林城湖塘密布，水系发达，乘一叶小舟就可以尽览城中诸多的风景名胜。
但是随着时代变迁，两江四湖水道隔断，环城水系支离破碎，水质恶化。1998年，广西市委、市政府实施了两江四湖工程，通过连江接湖、显山露水、清淤截污、引水入湖、修路架桥、绿化美化、文化建设等工程，不仅恢复、拓展了桂林的古环城水系，改善了市中心的生态环境，提高了城市的档次与品位，而且游船重新进入了市区水域，形成了能与威尼斯水城、巴黎塞纳河以及阿姆斯特丹运河相媲美的独特的市区水上游景观，堪称中国一绝。
大家都知道，漓江是桂林山水的精华，是中国流经城市水质最好的河流之一，属珠江水系，发源于华南第一峰猫儿山。从桂林到阳朔约83公里的水程，被称为黄金水道，是中外游客必游的桂林景区。古今中外，不知多少文人骚客为漓江的绮丽风光写下了脍炙人口的优美诗文。唐代大诗人韩愈曾以江作青罗带，山如碧玉簪的诗句来赞美这条如诗似画的漓江。
桂林至阳朔，是岩溶峰林峰丛地貌，河流依山而转，形成峡谷，尤以草坪、杨堤、兴坪为佳，有九马画山、黄布倒影、半边渡等美景。漓江景观因时、因角度、因气候不同而变化。晴朗天时，上下天光一碧万顷，千峦百嶂尽收眼底。烟雨之日，岚雾缭绕若隐若现，若断若续。明月之夜，群峰如洗，江波如练。
漓江桂林段，河谷开阔，两岸名山如伏波山、叠彩山、象山、穿山、塔山平地拔起，四壁如削。漓江的一大特点是山青、水秀、洞奇、石美。百里漓江的每一处景致，都是一幅典型的中国水墨画。
第4篇 张学良故居导游词【中俄双语】
张学良故居坐落法租界32号路(今和平区赤峰道78号)，是一所西洋集仿式楼房。张氏在二、三十年代来津常住此处。下面是由小编为大家带来的关于中俄双语导游词：辽宁沈阳张学良故居，希望能够帮到您!
中俄双语导游词：辽宁沈阳张学良故居
бывшая резиденция чжан сюэляна была открыта для публичного доступа 1 августа 2003 года в г. шеньян, пров. ляонин. дом чжана, резиденция главнокомандующего, в начале 20-го века был политическим и военным центом северо-востока китая. усадьба, состоящая из нескольких зданий и сада, была построена в 1914 году. она является классическим примером смешения китайской архитектуры и западного стиля. чжан сюэлян (1901-2001) стал самой влиятельной персоной на северо-востоке китая после того, как 4 июня 1928 года был предаельски убит японцами его отец чжан цзолинь (1875-1928). он пережил трудные времена, объявив о поддержке чан кайши, лидера гоминьдан, и участвовав в организации сианьского инцидента 1936 года. инцидент произошел, когда чан и генерал ян хучен (1893-1949) взяли в плен чан кайши (1887-1975) 12 декабря 1936 года, потребовав от него положить конец гражданской войне и объединиться с коммунистической партией для борьбы против японской агрессии. чан кайши был освобожден живым и невредимым после переговоров, в которых решающую роль сыграл бывший премьер чжоу энлай (1898-1976). однако, чжан был схвачен чан кайши и провел десятилетия под домашним арестом на тайване при контроле гоминьдан.
张学良故居于2003年8月1日在辽宁沈阳开放，接受公众参观。张学良的家，是20世纪初控制中国东北政治和经济的首席居住地。故居包括一些建筑物和园林，始建于1914年。故居是中西建筑风格混合的典型范例。1928年6月4日奸诈的日本人害死了张学良的父亲张作霖(1875年至1928年)之后，张学良(1901至2001年)成为中国东北最有影响力的人。他在艰难的时刻，宣布支援国民党的领导人蒋介石，并于1936年参与组织了西安事变。1936年12月12日事件发生时，张学良和杨虎城将军(1893-1949)扣留了蒋介石(1887-1975)，要求他结束内战，团结共产党反对日本的侵略战争。经过谈判，在前总理周恩来(1898-1976)的努力下，蒋介石被毫发无伤的释放了。然而，张学良被逮捕并在蒋介石和台湾的国民党的控制下被软禁了几十年。
усадьба, площадь которой 160 000 кв м, состоит из двух частей: восточного и западного двора. главный дом состоит из двух черных зданий: маленького и большого, одно из которых построено для мисс чжао сы. большее из двух черных зданий сейчас является музеем. оно было свидетелем многих важных исторических событий, например, решение чжана поменять флаг и захватить чан кайши, а также убийство сторонников его отца, ян ютина и чан инькуя. особняк служил ляонинским провинциальным музеем до 1988 года, когда усадьба чжан был внесен в список культурных ценностей под защитой администрации провинции. спонсируемая администрацией шеньяна, реставрация усадьбы началась в 2001 году стоимостью 60 миллионов юаней (7 миллионов долларов сша). персонал музея объездил весь уезд в поисках утерянных предметов: от телефонов до фотографии. а также пригласили бывших камергера и прислугу дома генерала чжана помочь восстановить первоначальный облик дома.
故居面积16万平方米，分为东、西两院。主屋是由两栋黑色建筑：一小一大，其中一栋是专为赵四小姐准备的。其中较大的一栋现在是博物馆。它见证了许多重大历史事件，如张学良改旗易帜和扣押蒋介石的决定，以及杀害父亲生前要员杨宇霆、常荫怀。在1988年，辽宁省人民政府将故居列为省级文物保护单位，该豪宅成为辽宁省博物馆。联合沈阳市，故居的恢复开始于2001年，费用为6000万元人民币(700万美元)。博物馆的工作人员已前往该县在寻找丢失的物品，从电话到照片。同时还邀请张学良的前管家和仆人来帮助恢复房子的原来外观。
отдел культуры провинции ляонин потратил еще 19 миллионов юаней (2.3 миллиона долларов сша) демонтировать окружающие дома и другие неуместные здания вокруг усадьбы.
辽宁省文化厅，花费了1900万元(230万美元)，来拆除周围的房屋和其他不适当的建筑物。
第5篇 商丘古城游览区双语导游词
the ancient city of shangqiu is currently well-preserved, historical and cultural city in the national-level, which is located in the suiyang district, the southern part of shangqiu. (商丘古城位于商丘市区的南部、睢阳区境内，是我国目前保持基本完好的国家级历史文化名城。)the application of chinese traditional geomancy ([ˈdʒi(:)əumænsi]风水)theory to the exceptional design of the ancient city of shangqiu forms three main features, that is, the eight diagrams(八卦) city, the watery city and city piles up city, as well as the trinity([ˈtrɪnətɪ]三位一体)of inner city, city lake and city walls. (它按照古代风水理论修建，具有八卦城、水上城和城摞城三大特点，内城、城湖、城郭三位一体)the unique([ju:ˈni:k]独特的) style of architecture([ˈɑ:kitektʃə] 建筑)can be reputed([rɪˈpju:t] )the model of ancient city in china. (在国内独一无二，堪称中国古城池的典范之作。)it is built in the period of zhengde of ming dynasty( [ˈdainəsti] 朝代)since 500 years ago.(此城建于明朝正德年间，距今近5xx年。)
the main tourism area of the ancient city are historical sites, which combines human landscape with natural scenery.(古城旅游区人文景观与自然胜景兼具，是一个以名胜古迹为主体的旅游区。) in the culture area, we can experience the charms of the ming and qing dynasties, visit zhuanghui hall-the former residence of hou fangyu, who is a genius in the late ming dynasty, and pursuit his moving love story with li xiangjun, who is a beauty in the qinhuai area.(古城文化区，我们一起去体验明清古韵，游览明
末才子侯方域的故居——壮悔堂，去追寻他与秦淮名妓李香君缠绵悱恻的爱情故事。) in the south lake resorts, we can enjoy 4000 acres' city moat(护
城河) tour, visit the ancestral temple of zhangxun together with tasting the melancholy of defeating 130 thousand people with thousands soldiers in protecting suiyang district, and appreciate the calligraphy materials of yan zhenqing-the famous calligrapher of tang dynasty in the baguan study, then take a look at the yingtian academy that is classified the top of the four college academies in the north song dynasty. (在南湖休闲度
假区，我们将看到4000亩的护城河水面，游览张巡祠，去品味以区区数千之众杀敌13万的睢阳保卫战的悲壮，去八关斋欣赏唐代书法家颜真卿的墨宝，去看一看北宋四大书院之首的应天书院。)
there is a broad and beautiful city moat around the inner city, owning over ten li in length and about one li in width, which looks like a jade belt to circle the city all around. (环内城一周有宽广美丽的护城河，长达十余华里，宽约一华里，像一条玉带绕城四周。)ten thousand acres'([ˈeikə]亩) lake water is clear enough to see the bottom and ripples the waves.(万亩湖水清澈见底，碧波荡漾) in the turn of spring and summer, the willow dances in the breeze and shares the shade(春夏之交，杨柳依依，芳草萋萋); the waterfowl ([ˈwɔ:təˌfaʊl]水鸟)sings joyfully(水鸟欢唱); the pampas([ˈpæmpəs] 蒲苇)grass sways in the wind(蒲苇摇曳); the lotus smells sweet(荷花飘香). how wonderful and interesting it would be if you can look up at the attractive scenery of the ancient city, and look down at the lively fish swimming in the river, then talking about the past and today.(倘若驾扁舟，仰观古城风光，俯察水中游鱼，谈古论今，更令人触景生情，无限惬意)the little island that stands alone in the center of the water, just like a slim, lovely and graceful fairy(水中小岛，超然独上，景色秀丽，如水中仙子，亭亭玉立，含情脉脉，令人心旷神怡). it is more likely to imagine a lot and to be a slave of pleasure if you step on the top of the ancient city, overlooking all the scenic([ˈsi:nɪk]景点) spots.(倘若登城眺望，诸多名胜尽收眼底，更让人浮想联翩，乐而忘返。)
the exterior of ancient city is in the circle shape, while mouth shape in the interior. he whole shape is like an ancient copper coin. the shape of 93 streets is like a checkerboard. the topography ([təˈpɔgrəfi:]地形) of inner city is in the shape of turtle's back , high in the middle and low in the vicinity([viˈsiniti]附近), and slightly inclining to the south(全城外圆内
方、形如古铜钱，九十三条街道形如棋盘，内城地势呈龟背状，中间高，四周低，略向南倾斜。) overlooking the entire city, you can find the building
group of gate towers and courtyard houses(建筑多为走马门楼和四合院建筑群). from the period of jiajing in the ming dynasty to the early qing dynasty, there emerges two prime ministers, five ministers and more than ten assistant ministers, grand coordinators, the troop commander, the renowned writer, and so on. therefore, the architectures of official residence is quite a lot. (明嘉靖以后至清初，城内出过两位大学士(宰相)、
五位尚书以及十几位侍郎、巡抚、御使、总兵、著名文人，因此，官府、官宅建筑颇多。)
the ancient city of shangqiu entails long-standing history and magnificent culture. (商丘古城，历史悠久，文化灿烂)'shangqiu, suiyang, the country song, nanjing and guide prefecture([ˈpri:fektʃuə] 府) ' are different names in the different periods in the history of shangqiu, as if pouring out its long and brilliant history(“商
丘”、 “睢阳”、“宋国” 、 “南京”、“归德府”，这些商丘历史上不同时期的名称，仿佛都在向人们诉说着它悠久辉煌的历史。). as early as 1986, the
ancient city of shangqiu was named as national historical and cultural city by the state council(商丘古城，早在1986年就被国务院命名为国家历史文化名城). in 1996, the city walls of guide prefecture was awarded the reputation of the national cultural relic protection units, and one of thekey tourism areas in henan province(1996年归德府城墙又被评为国家重点文物保护单位，河南省重点旅游景区之一). the ancient city of shangqiu as if a shinning pearl at the cross of the longhai and jingjiu lines(是陇海和京九线上的一颗璀璨的明珠).
